Table 4.

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores

	Baseline	Post nVNS	P-value
PSQI global score	7 (5.5, 11.5)	5 (5, 8.5)	<0.001
PSQI subscores
Subjective sleep quality	1 (1, 1)	1 (1, 1)	0.25
Sleep latency	1 (0.5, 3.5)	1 (0.5, 2)	0.03
Sleep duration	0 (0, 0)	0 (0, 0)	N/A
Sleep efficacy	0 (0, 0.5)	0 (0, 0.5)	N/A
Sleep disturbance	2 (1, 2)	1 (1, 2)	0.13
Sleep medication	0 (0, 1)	0 (0, 0.5)	0.13
Daytime dysfunction	2.5 (2, 4)	2 (1, 2)	0.004

Abbreviations: IQR interquartile range, N/A not applicable, nVNS non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation

Data are presented as median (IQR)