Table 1. Proportion of marine species with 0% (gap), 0–2%, 2–5%, 5–10%, and >10% of their range overlapping with protected areas, using four different subsets of protected areas from the World Database on Protected Areas¹³ (See Supplementary Information): 1) all; 2) identified as ‘marine’; 3) identified as ‘marine’ and classified as IUCN I-IV; 4) spatially cover a marine area and classified as IUCN I-IV. Species probability threshold was ≥0.5.

Protected areas	Area (km2)	Gap	Covered 0–2%	Covered 2–5%	Covered 5–10%	Covered >10%
1) All	10,064,935	0.7%	10.7%	17.5%	20.6%	50.6%
2) Marine	8,042,751	1.1%	12.9%	18.6%	22.8%	44.7%
3) IUCN I-IV, ‘Marine’	2,913,402	1.8%	43.9%	45.1%	6.6%	2.5%
4) IUCN I-IV, Spatially Marine	2,967,898	1.4%	42.3%	46.8%	6.9%	2.6%