Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Whole sample n = 170 | Intervention n = 87 | Control n = 83 | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age years mean (SD) | 86.9 (7.4) | 87.3 (7.0) | 86.5 (7.7) | 0.48 |
| Female n (%) | 125 (73.5) | 63 (72.4) | 62 (74.7) | 0.74 |
| NH stay months mean (SD) | 25.7 (24.5) | 23.8 (20.0) | 27.6 (28.4) | 0.34 |
| Walk independently n (%) | 52 (31.1) | 25 (28.7) | 27 (32.5) | 0.70 |
| No of diagnosis mean (SD) | 3.4 (1.9) | 3.4 (1.9) | 3.3 (1.9) | 0.78 |
| No of medications mean (SD) | 6.4 (3.4) | 5.8 (3.1) | 6.7 (3.6) | 0.10 |
| BBS points mean (SD) | 34.8 (14.0) | 34.3 (14.4) | 35.3 (13.7) | 0.65 |
| CST points n = 161 mean (SD) | 6.1 (3.0) | 6.0 (3.1) | 6.2 (2.9) | 0.73 |
| NWS m/ s mean (SD) | 0.5 (0.2) | 0.5 (0.2) | 0.5 (0.2) | 0.93 |
| BI points mean (SD) | 13.5 (3.5) | 13.5 (3.5) | 13.4 (3.6) | 0.83 |
| MMSE points mean (SD) | 15.6 (4.9) | 15.5 (0.6) | 15.7 (4.9) | 0.81 |
| QUALID points mean (SD) | 18.1 (5.8) | 18.4 (6.1) | 17.7 (5.4) | 0.39 |
| Cornell Scala points mean (SD) | 4.9 (4.5) | 4.9 (4.8) | 4.9 (4.2) | 0.98 |
| NPI points mean (SD) | 5.5 (5.4) | 6.1 (6.1) | 4.8 (4.6) | 0.14 |
| Affective, NPI subscale | 1.0 (1.4) | 1.2 (1.5) | 0.8 (1.3) | 0.13 |
| Agitation, NPI subscale | 1.5 (1.9) | 1.7 (2.1) | 1.3 (1.7) | 0.16 |
| Apathy, NPI subscale | 0.5 (0.8) | 0.6 (0.8) | 0.4 (0.7) | 0.08 |
| Affective symptoms present n (%) | 80 (47.1) | 44 (50.6) | 36 (46.4) | 0.35 |
| Agitation symptoms present n (%) | 134 (78.8) | 69 (79.3) | 65 (78.3) | 0.88 |
| Apathy symptoms present n (%) | 57 (33.5) | 34 (39.1) | 23 (37.7) | 0.12 |
Independent samples t-test were used for continuous data and χ2 on categorical data
BBS Berg Balance Scale, CST Chair stand test, NWS Normal walking speed, BI Barthel Index, MMSE Mini Mental State Examination, NPI Neuropsychiatric Inventory