Table 2.
Results from baseline (T0), 3 months (T1) and 6 months (T2) for exercise and control group
| Variable | T1: 12 weeks | Exercise | Control | Difference between groups at T0, T1 and T2 | P-value T2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T2: 6 months | |||||||
| Means (SD)/ Adjusted means (CI) | Within group change T1T2 | Means (SD)/ Adjusted means (CI) | Within group change T1T2 | ||||
| Berg | T0 | 34.3 (14.4) | −1.5 (−3.1–0.2) | 35.3 (13.7) | −2.2 * (−4.2--0.3) | 1.0 | |
| T1 | 38.4 (36.8–40.1) | 36.2 (34.7–37.6) | 2.3 | ||||
| T2 | 37.0 (35.0–38.9) | 33.9 (32.0–35.9) | 3.0 | 0.031* | |||
| CST | T0 | 6.0 (3.1) | −0.4 (−0.9–0.3) | 6.2 (2.9) | −0.3 (−1.1–0.3) | 0.2 | |
| T1 | 7.1 (6.6–7.7) | 6.5 (6.0–7.1) | 0.6 | ||||
| T2 | 6.8 (6.2–7.4) | 6.2 (5.4–6.9) | 1.7 | 0.175 | |||
| NWS | T0 | 0.5 (0.2) | −0.02 (−0.04–0.02) | 0.5 (0.2) | −0.01 (−0.1–0.03) | 0 | |
| T1 | 0.49 (0.46–0.51) | 0.49 (0.44–0.54) | −0.001 | ||||
| T2 | 0.47 (0.44–0.51) | 0.46 (0.43–0.5) | 0.01 | 0.685 | |||
| Barthel | T0 | 13.5 (3.5) | −0.6 (−1.3–0.1) | 13.4 (3.6) | −0.8 (−1.6–0.03) | 0.1 | |
| T1 | 13.7 (13.0–14.3) | 12.9 (12.3–13.5) | 0.8 | ||||
| T2 | 13.0 (12.3–13.8) | 12.1 (11.2–12.9) | 1.0 | 0.082 | |||
| MMSE | T0 | 15.5 (0.6) | −1.0* (−1.9–0.2) | 15.7 (4.9) | −1.4* (−2.4--0.5) | 0.2 | |
| T1 | 15.4 (14.5–16.3) | 15.3 (14.6–16.1) | 0.1 | ||||
| T2 | 14.4 (13.5–15.2) | 13.9 (12.9–14.9) | 0.5 | 0.492 | |||
| NPI sum | T0 | 6.1 (6.1) | 0.03 (−1.3–1.3) | 4.8 (4.6) | 0.7 (−0.8–2.3) | 1.3 | |
| T1 | 4.8 (3.7–5.8) | 5.6 (4.1–7.1) | −0.9 | ||||
| T2 | 4.8 (3.8–5.8) | 6.4 (5.1–7.7) | −1.6 | 0.059 | |||
| Affective | T0 | 1.2 (1.5) | −0.04 (−03–02) | 0.8 (1.3) | −0.1 (−0.3–0.4) | 0.4 | |
| T1 | 0.9 (0.6–1.2) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | −0.1 | ||||
| T2 | 0.9 (0.6–1.1) | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | −0.2 | 0.257 | |||
| Agitation | T0 | 1.7 (2.1) | 0.04 (−0.5–0.5) | 1.3 (1.7) | 0.2 (−0.3–0.8) | 0.4 | |
| T1 | 1.3 (0.9–1.7) | 1.8 (1.3–2.3) | −0.5 | ||||
| T2 | 1.4 (1.0–1.8) | 2.0 (1.5–2.5) | −0.7 | 0.045* | |||
| Apathy | T0 | 0.6 (0.8) | 0.08 (−0.03–0.3) | 0.4 (0.7) | 0.15 (−0.1–0.3) | 0.2 | |
| T1 | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) | 0.4 (0.2–0.6) | −0.1 | ||||
| T2 | 0.4 (0.3–0.6) | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) | −0.1 | 0.688 | |||
| QUALID | T0 | 18.4 (6.1) | −0.2 (−1.6–1.2) | 17.7 (5.4) | 1.1 (−0.2–2.6) | 0.7 | |
| T1 | 18.1 (16.8–19.3) | 17.7 (16.4–19.0) | 0.4 | ||||
| T2 | 17.8 (16.7–19.0) | 18.8 (17.3–20.2) | −0.9 | 0.326 | |||
| Cornell Scala | T0 | 4.9 (4.8) | 0.8 (−0.8–2.4) | 4.9 (4.2) | 1.4* (0.1–2.6) | 0 | |
| T1 | 4.0 (2.6–5.4) | 3.8 (2.8–4.7) | 0.2 | ||||
| T2 | 4.8 (3.8–5.8) | 5.1 (4.0–6.3) | −03 | 0.668 | |||
Results at T0 are given as mean (SD). Results at T1 and T2 are estimated means (95 % confidence interval) or mean difference (95 % confidence interval) derived from the linear mixed model
BBS Berg Balance Scale, CST Chair stand test, NWS Normal walking speed, BI Barthel Index, MMSE Mini Mental State Examination, NPI Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire
T0 = baseline, T1 = 12 weeks, T2 = 6 months
*p < 0.05