Table 1.
Characteristics of Patients With Pneumonia as a Major or Minor Contributor to Death
| Characteristic | No.(%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Major (n = 37) |
Minor (n = 165) |
Total (N = 202) |
|
| Race | |||
| White | 33 (89.2) | 143 (86.7) | 176(87.1) |
| Black | 1 (2.7) | 8 (4.8) | 9 (4.5) |
| Hispanic | 2 (5.4) | 5 (3.0) | 7 (3.5) |
| Other | 1 (2.7) | 9 (5.5) | 10 (5.0) |
| Female sex | 20 (54.1) | 90 (54.5) | 110 (54.5) |
| Tertiary care hospital | 32 (86.5) | 135 (81.8) | 167 (82.7) |
| Admitted from | |||
| Home | 12 (32.4) | 57 (34.5) | 69 (34.2) |
| 5NF/NH | 21 (56.8) | 102 (61.8) | 123 (60.9) |
| Other acute-care facility | 4 (10.8) | 6 (3.6) | 10(5.0) |
| >1 Hospitalization in prior 6 mo | 6 (16.2) | 46(27.9) | 52 (25.7) |
| Age, mean (5D), y | 79.8 (15.6) | 78.2 (13.8) | 78.5 (14.1) |
| Admitted to intensive care unit | 15 (40.5) | 46 (27.9) | 61 (30.2) |
| Refused intubation | 15 (40.5) | 94 (57.0) | 109 (54.0) |
| Mechanical ventilation | 12 (32.4) | 36 (21.8) | 48 (23.8) |
| Mechanical ventilation stopped, out of all intubated | |||
| Day of death | 7 (58.3) | 14 (38.9) | 21 (43.8) |
| 1–6 d prior to death | 2 (16.7) | 12 (33.3) | 14 (29.2) |
| ≥1 wk prior to death | 2 (16.7) | 4 (11.1) | 6 (12.5) |
| Noninvasive ventilation used | 17 (45.9) | 57 (34.5) | 74 (36.6) |
| Noninvasive ventilation discontinued | 17 (100.0) | 52 (91.2) | 69 (93.2) |
| Died in intensive care unit | 15 (40.5) | 35 (21.2) | 50 (24.8) |
| Resuscitation order on admission | |||
| None | 1 (2.7) | 3 (1.8) | 4 (2.0) |
| Full resuscitation | 17 (45.9) | 67 (40.6) | 84 (41.6) |
| DNR or DNI | 19 (51.4) | 95 (57.6) | 114 (56.4) |
Abbreviations: DNI, do not intubate; DNR, do not resuscitate; NH, nursing home; SNH, skilled nursing home.