Table 3. Bivariate analysis of salivary pH and independent variables included in the study (n = 117).

		pH	p-value
Gender
	Male	7.80 ±1.02	z = −0.408*
	Female	7.92 ±0.75	p = 0.6831
Age (year)			X2 = 3.564†
	60 to 74	7.76 ±0.91	p = 0.1683
	75 to 84	7.86 ±0.67	z = 1.71‡
	85 and older	8.04 ±0.89	p = 0.087
Marital status
	Single	7.89 ±0.73
	Married/common-law union	7.92 ±0.61	X2= 0.170†
	Divorced/widowed	7.86 ±0.98	p = 0.9184
Social security recipient
	Yes	7.89 ±0.65	z = −1.118*
	No	7.87 ±0.98	p = 0.2637
Maximum level of schooling
	Elementary school and more	7.82 ±0.81	Z = −0.898*
	Less than elementary school	7.92 ±0.85	p = 0.3692
Type of senior organization
	Public	7.71 ±0.96
	Private	8.23 ±0.59	X2 = 10.099†
	Day care	7.96 ±0.52	p = 0.0064
Has received radiation
	No, never	7.88 ±0.84	z = 0.263*
	Yes, some time	7.90 ±0.61	p = 0.7927
Tobacco use
	No	7.88 ±0.82	z = −0.106*
	Yes	7.86 ±0.93	p = 0.9158
Regular soda use
	Yes	7.84 ±1.05
	Sometimes	7.95 ±0.82	X2= 1.972†
	No	7.84 ±0.60	p = 0.3731
Chronic diseases
	None	7.88 ±0.77
	Diabetes with/without other	7.96 ±0.58
	Hypertension with/without other	7.74 ±1.05
	Diabetes with hypertension	8.08 ±0.63	X2 = 0.866†
	Others	7.90 ±0.86	p = 0.9294
Tooth brushing
	Less than twice/day	7.83 ±0.95	z = −0.367*
	Two or more times/day	7.96 ±0.61	p = 0.7136
Number of missing teeth			X2 = 1.269†
	From 0 to 10	8.03 ±0.66	p = 0.5301
	From 11 to 20	7.99 ±0.53	z = −1.10
	From 21 to 28	7.75 ± 1.02	p = 0.270
Dental status
	Edentulous with prosthesis	7.77 ±0.94
	Lost teeth with prosthesis	7.96 ±0.56
	Edentulous without prosthesis	7.71 ±1.19
	Lost teeth (< 21) without prosthesis	8.05 ± 0.62	X2 = 2.275†
	Lost teeth (> 20) without prosthesis	7.55 ±1.22	p = 0.6854

^*Mann-Whitney test,

^†Kruskal-Wallis test,

^‡Non-parametric tendency test