Table 1. Main characteristics of 90 pregnant women.
| Variable | Controls N = 30 | Diet-treated GDM N = 30 | Insulin-treated GDM N = 30 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race | ||||
| White | 10 (33%) | 13 (43%) | 12 (40%) | |
| Mixed | 16 (53%) | 14 (47%) | 12 (40%) | 0.73 a |
| Black | 4 (14%) | 3 (10%) | 6 (20%) | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| Mean | 27.2 | 32.9 c | 33.0 d | <0.0001 b |
| SD | 5.2 | 6.1 | 5.2 | |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (Kg/m2) | ||||
| Mean | 23.9 | 28.2 d | 30.9 d | <0.0001 b |
| SD | 5.6 | 4.9 | 5.7 | |
| Parity | ||||
| nulliparous | 9 (30%) | 9 (30%) | 6 (20%) | 0.60 a |
| multiparous | 21 (70%) | 21 (70%) | 24 (80%) | |
| GA at collection (weeks) | ||||
| Mean | 32.9 | 33.2 | 32.9 | 0.76 b |
| SD | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
GDM: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, SD: Standard deviation, BMI: Body Mass Index, GA: Gestational age
aChi-square test
bOne-way ANOVA test
cp<0.01 versus Control
dp<0.0001 versus Control