Figure 1. Schematic of a bilayer graphene nanopore-based device for measuring the conductance of the four target nucleobases (G, A, C, T).

The bilayer graphene is arranged in the Bernal (AB) stacking configuration. The top and bottom layers of bilayer graphene are used as source and drain electrodes, respectively. The edges of both nanopores were passivated by OH-groups. As DNA is translocating through the pore, the local interlayer conductance is modulated as a function of time by the nucleotide bridging the two graphene layers, as illustrated in the schematic measurement sketch (bottom left panel). The average maximum signal heights (vertical position of the colored bars) along with the signal duration (horizontal length of the colored bars) can then ideally be used to distinguish and identify the nucleotides in DNA.