Fig. 3.

A simplified schematic diagram illustrating mechanisms and cell types with transient receptor potential (TRP) expression which are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of COPD. Inhaled exogenous pollutants enter lungs causing oxidative/nitrative stress, resulting in activation of various cell types alongwith TRP expression. ROS reactive oxygen species; ↑ increase; ↓ decrease; OH∙ hydroxyl radical; H₂O₂ hydrogen peroxide; TGF-β, transforming growth factor- β; ECM, extra cellular matrix; TRPCs, transient receptor potential canonical.