Table 1.
Summary table of rTMS induced accidental seizures including the author, type of TMS, location, medications, risk factors, type of seizure, and diagnosis
ID | Author | Type of TMS | Location | Medication | Risk factor | Type of seizure | Diagnosis |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Chervyakov et al42 | SP | L-MC | NR | Pre-existing condition | Secondarily generalized | Stroke |
2 | Chervyakov et al42 | HF | R-MC | NR | Pre-existing condition | Secondarily generalized | Stroke |
3 | Chiramberro et al24 | HF | L-DLPFC | SRT, OLZ, HDX | High blood alcohol, multiple medications, over OLZ recommended dose | Asymmetric twitching of both arms | MDD |
4 | Bagati et al25 | HF | L-DLPFC | PRX, DVF | Multiple medications | Generalized | MDD |
5 | Hu et al26 | HF | L-PFC | SRT | Youth | Generalized | Adolescent onset MDD |
6 | Harel et al27 | HF | L-PFC | Li | No risk factors | Generalized | BD |
7 | Gomez et al28 | HF | R-MC | CZX | Pre-existing condition, frequent alcohol use (withdrawal) | Jacksonian | Stroke –MCA |
8 | Oberman and Pascual-leone39 | cTBS | L-MC | None | No risk factors | Generalized | Healthy |
9 | Sakkas et al30 | HF | R-PFC | QTP, DZP, GP | Multiple medications | Jacksonian | BD: Type I |
10 | Rosa et al29 | HF | L-MC | NR | Pre-existing condition | Generalized | Complex pain regional syndrome |
11 | Tharayil et al35 | SP | R-MC | Li, CPZ | Sleep deprived | Generalized | BD- current hypomania |
12 | Prikryl and Kucerova31 | HF | L-DLPFC | NR | Sleep deprived | Generalized | MDD |
13 | Bernabeu et al32 | HF | MC | FLX | Pre-existing condition, multiple medications | Secondarily generalized | Possible Traumatic Brain Injury |
14 | Conca et al33 | HF | L-DLPFC | VFX, TZD, LOR, THR | History of seizure | Frontal lobe complex partial seizure | Mixed depressive-anxious state, dependent personality, hypothyroid |
15 | Brogmus40 | NR | NR | NR | NR | Secondarily generalized | Hydrocephalus and chronic inflammatory CNS process |
16 | (NINDS) Wassermann23 | HF | MC | NR | NR | Secondarily generalized | Healthy |
17 | Wassermann et al34 | HF | L-PFC | NR | NR | Generalized | Healthy |
18 | Wassermann et al34 | HF | MC | NR | NR | Generalized | Healthy |
19 | Pascual-leone et al41 | HF | L-MC | None | Family history of seizures | Generalized | Healthy |
20 | Fauth et al36 | SP | MC | NR | Pre-existing condition | Jacksonian | Stroke |
21 | Kandler38 | HF | MC | None | Pre-existing condition | Jacksonian | Multiple sclerosis |
22 | Kandler38 | HF | MC | None | Pre-existing condition | 2 generalized same day | Multiple sclerosis |
23 | Homberg and Netz37 | SP | MC | NR | Pre-existing condition | Generalized | Large ischaemic scar after MCA infarction |
24 | Wassermann23 | HF | MC | NR | NR | Partial motor | Healthy |
25 | Pascual-Leone not published (reported Wasserman23) | HF | PFC | AMT, HLD | Investigators unaware of medications | Secondary generalized | Psychotic depression |
Abbreviations: HF, High Frequency; SP, Single Pulse; cTBS, continuous theta burst stimulation; MC, Motor Cortex; PFC, Prefrontal cortex; DLPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; L-, Left; R-, Right; MDD, Major Depressive Disorder; BD, Bipolar Depression; MCA, Middle Cerebral Artery; NR, Not Reported; AMT, Amitryptiline; CPZ, Chlorpromazine; CZX, Chlordiazepoxide; DVF, Desvenlafaxine; DZP, Diazepam; GP, Gabapentin; FLX, Fluoxetine; HLD, Haloperidol; HDX, Hydroxyzine; Li, Lithium; LOR, Lorazepam; OLZ, Olanzapine; PRX, paroxetine; QTP, Quetiapine; SRT, Sertraline; THR, Thyroxin; TZD, Trazodone; VFC, Venlafaxine.