Table 5.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for COPD
| Factor (control, OR =1)a | Group | B-value | SE | P-value | OR value (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (nonelderly group) | Elderly group | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 1.10 (1.07–1.12) |
| BMI (normal) | Underweight | 1.10 | 0.32 | 0.001 | 3.01 (1.61–5.63) |
| Primary fuel for cooking and heating (modern fuel) | Biomass fuel | 3.22 | 0.67 | 0.019 | 8.39 (4.909–14.658) |
| Smoking intensity (nonsmoking) | >20 cigarettes/day | 0.75 | 0.21 | 0.000 | 4.11 (1.412–3.163) |
| Recurrent respiratory infections (none) | 1–3 times/year | 3.87 | 0.43 | 0.000 | 47.79 (20.69–110.38) |
| 4–5 times/year | 4.56 | 0.50 | 0.000 | 95.27 (35.97–252.36) | |
| >5 times/year | 5.16 | 0.54 | 0.000 | 174.09 (60.00–505.09) |
Note:
a
Adjusted for sex, working years, the number of family members, average living space per capita, and age at first smoking.
Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; SE, standard error of mean.