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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 4.
Published in final edited form as: J Hypertens. 2015 Mar;33(3):445–453. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000446

TABLE 2.

Brachial artery smooth muscle function (SMF) assessment of studies included in the meta-analysis

Study, year of publication Artery Wall-tracking system Resting diameter (mm) SMF EF
YNG OLD Stimulus Dose (mg) OLD vs. YNG OLD vs. YNG
DeVan et al [4], 2013 brachial computerized 4.0±0.4 4.0±0.5 NTG sublingual 0.4 ↔ ↓
Pierce et al [42], 2011 brachial computerized 4.0±0.4 4.1±0.5 NTG sublingual 0.4 ↔ ↓
Black et al [3], 2009 brachial computerized 3.3±0.1 3.6±0.6 NTG sublingual 0.4 ↔ ↓
Donato et al [6], 2009 brachial computerized N/A N/A NTG sublingual 0.4 ↔ ↓
Walker et al [12], 2009 brachial computerized 4.1±0.4 4.4±0.5* NTG sublingual 0.4 ↔ ↓
Donato et al [5], 2007 brachial computerized N/A N/A NTG sublingual 0.4 ↔ ↓
Gates et al [39], 2007 brachial computerized 3.7±0.4 4.0±0.8 NTG sublingual 0.4 ↔ ↓
Parker et al [41], 2006 brachial computerized 3.0±0.5 3.1±0.4 NTG sublingual 0.4 ↓ ↓
Eskurza et al [36], 2006 brachial computerized 4.0±0.6 4.3±0.7 NTG sublingual 0.4 ↔ ↓
Eskurza et al [38], 2005 brachial computerized 4.1±0.4 4.4±0.5 NTG sublingual 0.4 ↔ ↓
Heiss et al [40], 2005 brachial computerized 3.7±0.9 4.2±0.5* NTG sublingual 0.4 ↔ ↓
Eskurza et al [37], 2004 brachial manual 4.1±0.3 4.3±0.3 NTG sublingual 0.4 ↔ ↓
McCrohon et al [10], 2000 brachial manual 3.1±0.3 3.6±0.4* NTG sublingual 0.4 ↓ ↓
Woo et al A [43], 1997 brachial manual 3.5±0.5 3.6±0.6 NTG sublingual 0.4 ↔ ↔
Woo et al B [43], 1997 brachial manual 3.4±0.6 3.7±0.5 NTG sublingual 0.4 ↔ ↓

Data are dose or mean ± SD. One study presented two groups of older subjects, each of which had been independently compared with a location-matched young group [43], thus they were evaluated as individual studies (distinguished by A and B).

*

significantly different from young group at P<0.05

EF, endothelial function; N/A, data not available; NMD, nitrate-mediated dilation; NTG, nitroglycerin; OLD, older group; SMF, smooth muscle function; YNG, young group; ↔, no significant difference between older and young groups; ↓, significant decrease in older compared with young groups