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. 2015 Dec 4;3:82. doi: 10.1186/s40478-015-0259-2

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© Kurosawa et al. 2015

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 5 — Pathology of optic neuritis and brain lesions. The localization of AQP4 loss in the optic nerve, peri-ventricles, and hypothalamus in the 1 mg E5415A injection (red in schema) and hIgG_NMO (yellow in schema) (a). Peri-3^rd ventricle lesions were bilaterally and diffusely extended along the ventricular wall (b). Optic tract lesion and optic chiasma lesion in a 20 mg hIgG_NMO rat is shown (c−d). AQP4, EAAT2, and GFAP loss were observed in Iba1-positive peri-vascular areas. Optic chiasma lesions were located in the perivascular areas of the anatomical border between the optic chiasma and hypothalamus (d). Scale bar = 300 μm