Table 3.

Comparison of poor outcomes between the Cleft Care UK (CCUK) study and the Clinical Standards Advisory Group (CSAG) study

	CCUK	CSAG	P-value
Structural outcomes
Facial appearance (% poor or very poor)	22	28	0.013*
Dento-alveolar relationships (% poor or very poor)	19†	36	<0.001‡
Oral health
Caries present (dmft ≥1) (%)	52	55	0.6‡
Hearing
Moderate or worse hearing loss in better ear (%)	22	21	0.7‡
Speech
Hypernasality (%)	10	18	0.018‡
Intelligibility/distinctiveness (% just intelligible or less)	17	19	0.6‡
Psychosocial outcome
Child’s self-confidence affected (%)	8	19	<0.001‡

^*Mixed effects logistic regression to account for the non-independence of observations from multiple observers.

^†This is based on the 198 children with models as the 49 children with photographs were excluded.

^‡Chi-squared test.