Figure 7. Resveratrol (RESV) treatment for 4 days normalized status epilepticus (SE) induced increased concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the hippocampus.

Bar charts in A1-A4 compare concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α (A1,A3) and interleukin-6 (IL-6; A2,A4) between different groups. When measured a day after SE, rats receiving vehicle (VEH) or RESV showed no increase in concentrations of TNF-α (A1) or IL-6 (A2) in comparison to naive control rats. However, when measured 4 days after SE, TNF-α concentration was normalized to control levels in rats receiving RESV but was upregulated in rats receiving VEH after SE (A3). On the other hand, IL-6 concentration did not vary between groups even at 4 days post-SE.