Table 3.

The association of homocysteine with diabetes and related traits in the PIVUS cohort and in causal analysis using large genome-wide association studies.

	Prevalent T2D			Incident T2D			Fasting glucose			Fasting insulin (ln-transformed)
	OR	SE	P	HR	SE	P	β	SE	P	β	SE	P
PIVUS	0.98	0.10	0.80	0.79	0.10	0.054	−0.001	0.02	0.96	0.05	0.02	0.001
IV estimate	1.01	0.09	0.34				0.0002	0.02	0.90	−0.002	0.02	0.38

The effect is given per SD-increase in log-transformed homocysteine.

OR, odds ratio; SE, standard error; HR, hazard ratio; P, significance; β, beta; IV, instrument variable.