Figure S1.

Experimental scheme of metabolomic profiling. Distal pulmonary artery (PA) vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from nondiseased (control) and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) subjects were snap-frozen, and cell pellets were subjected to liquid chromatography– and gas chromatography–based mass spectrometry analysis (LC/MS/MS and GC/MS, respectively). Comparisons between control and PAH groups and between PAH PAVSMCs treated with vehicle and those treated with PP242 were performed for each indicated metabolite.