Table 1.
General characteristics of patients.
| Parameters | PCAIB group | PCA group | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 0.595 | ||
| Female | 32 (31.%) | 17 (35%) | |
| Male | 71 (69%) | 31 (65%) | |
| Age (year) | 59.4 ± 12.2 | 57.8 ± 12.1 | 0.442 |
| Weight (kg) | 63.2 ± 11.7 | 63.6 ± 12.6 | 0.826 |
| Surgical procedure | 0.727 | ||
| Open | 42 (41%) | 21 (44%) | |
| Arthroscopy | 61 (59%) | 27 (56%) | |
| Surgical time (min) | 84 ± 25 | 77 ± 27 | 0.147 |
| Anesthesia time (min) | 143 ± 44 | 132 ± 31 | 0.115 |
| American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status | 0.823 | ||
| I | 18 (18%) | 7 (15%) | |
| II | 73 (71%) | 34 (71%) | |
| III | 12 (12%) | 7 (15%) | |
| Preoperative evaluation | |||
| UCLA preoperative score | 8.2 ± 3.1 | 8.1 ± 2.5 | 0.873 |
| Preoperative forward elevation (deg.) | 87.5 ± 19.1 | 90.0 ± 20.6 | 0.665 |
| Preoperative external rotation (deg.) | 42.9 ± 4.9 | 42.7 ± 5.1 | 0.795 |
Continuous variables were described as the mean ± standard deviation, and the categorical variable was described as number of events (n/%); the remaining parameters were compared using an independent t-test, and statistical significance was considered when p < 0.05.
UCLA preoperative score: University of California at Los Angeles Shoulder Score.
PCAIB: patients with interscalene block in combination with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia.
PCA: patients receiving intravenous patient-controlled analgesia alone without interscalene block.