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. 2015 Mar 18;2:3. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2015.00003

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Memory performance of aviary (∘) and cage-reared (■) chickens in the holeboard task. Working memory (A), General working memory (B), and reference memory (C) are presented as mean and standard error of the mean (SEM). Dashed lines mark the transitions between uncued, cued, over-training, and reversal phases.