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. 2015 Aug 7;15(1):116. doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iev093

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© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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Fig. 1. — Effects of EOs on growth and development of larvae, pupae, adult, and egg of T. molitor. Note: number of insects tested for each treatment is 90 and the vertical bars represent the standard error of means for three replicates values. The growth and development of larvae, pupae, adult, and egg of T. molitor were the avenue of three replications ± SE. Means followed by the same letters do not differ significantly (P > 0.05) in the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. F2, 6 = 26.15 and P < 0.001 for larvae; F2, 6 = 7.24 and P = 0.03 < 0.05 for pupae; F2, 6 = 1.09 and P = 0.24, > 0.05 for adult; F2, 6 = 3.40 and P = 0.10, > 0.05 for egg; F2, 6 = 6.76 and P = 0.03, <0.05 for total growth and development treated with EOs or not.