. 2015 Oct 13;2:45. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2015.00045

Table 4.

Influence of dietary DDGS level, and XAP and DFM supplementation on the morphological measurements of jejunum villi and mucosa of turkey hens at 42 days.^c

Main effect		Tip width	Crypt depth	Muscularis thickness	Surface area	Ileal adherent mucin thickness layer

		Micron			Micron^d	μg/g tissue
DDGS level (%)
6		275^a	166	251^b	684,224^a	679^b
18		233^b	169	294^a	606,656^b	705^a

Feed supplements
Negative control (NC)		264	176^a	285	670,514	740^a
~2% Supplemental fat (suppl. fat)		267	180^a	274	639,138	770^a
XAP		240	157^c	266	618,222	589^b
XAP + DFM		246	159^c	264	653,887	670^a,b

Interactions
DDGS level (%)	Feed supplement
6	NC	296	177	268	735,289	737
6	Suppl. fat	295	185	255	660,544	726
6	XAP	252	145	244	630,957	576
6	XAP + DFM	260	157	238	710,104	679
18	NC	232	176	303	605,737	744
18	Suppl. fat	239	174	293	617,733	814
18	XAP	228	167	288	605,486	603
18	XAP + DFM	233	161	291	597,670	661

Source of variations
P-values

DDGS		0.002	0.614	<0.01	0.037	0.045
Feed supplement		0.373	0.037	0.334	0.740	0.032
DDGS × feed supplement		0.576	0.423	0.885	0.664	0.871
SEM(40)^d		12	6.519	13	34,110	46

^a,bMeans with different letter superscripts within a column are significantly different (P < 0.05).

^cValues are means of six replicates per treatment.

^dSEM(40), standard error of the mean with 40 degrees of freedom.