Table 4.
Univariate metaregression coefficients for sensitivity of HbA1c versus FPG in participants without diagnosed diabetes
| Mean difference in sensitivity (percentage points; 95% CI) | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age (per 10 years older) | −4·1 (−12·7 to 4·5) | 0·3361 | |
| Percent male participants (per 10% more male) | 4·6 (−9·0 to 18·2) | 0·4901 | |
| Study midyear (per one more recent year) | 1·2 (−0·9 to 3·2) | 0·2566 | |
| Region | .. | 0·2097 | |
| High-income western countries | Reference group | .. | |
| East, south, and southeast Asia | 21·0 (−0·3 to 42·2) | .. | |
| Latin America and the Caribbean | 8·5 (−17·9 to 34·9) | .. | |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 17·6 (−14·1 to 49·2) | .. | |
| Study representativeness | .. | 0·0915 | |
| National | Reference group | .. | |
| Subnational | 1·7 (−28·6 to 31·9) | .. | |
| Community | 21·4 (2·1 to 40·8) | .. | |
| Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes (percentage point higher undiagnosed diabetes) | −0·7 (−4·0 to 2·6) | 0·6780 | |
| Sample size (per 1000 participants without diagnosed diabetes) | −1·6 (−4·6 to 1·4) | 0·2730 | |
| Natural logarithm of per person gross domestic product | −6·5 (−17·6 to 4·6) | 0·2410 | |
| Mean haemoglobin (per g/L)* | −2·0 (−4·1 to 0·2) | 0·0677 | |
We used a HbA1c definition of 6·5% or more and a FPG definition of 7·0 mmol/L or more. FPG=fasting plasma glucose.
*
Reliable mean haemoglobin data were available only for women of child-bearing age.82 The national mean for each country-year was used for both men and women; restricting the analysis to women led to similar results, with a mean difference of −2·1 (−4·5 to 0·3, p=0·0929).