Figure 5.

Summary of the regional results and connectivity findings. Patients with chronic subjective dizziness (CSD), relative to healthy controls, showed reduced brain responses to vestibular stimulation in the left anterior insula/inferior frontal gyrus, left hippocampus, left anterior cingulate cortex and right posterior insula. The left anterior insula more negative functional connectivity change with the right superior temporal gyrus [which is part of the Parieto-Insular Vestibular cortex (PIVC)], and with the middle occipital gyrus. Finally, the left anterior cingulate cortex and left hippocampus showed more negative functional connectivity changes with the right PIVC (superior temporal gyrus).