Table 2.

Definition of parameters available in %pshreg.

Parameter	Definition
data	specifies the input SAS data set. The default value is _LAST_.
cens	specifies a variable containing the censoring indicator corresponding to each observation in time. There is no default value. The censoring indicator variable is expected to assume the value 1 for a time to the event of interest, the value 2 for a time to the competing event, and 0 for censored times.
time	specifies a variable containing the times to the first event, or time to censoring. There is no default value.
admin	specifies a variable containing administrative censoring times. Use this option if there is purely administrative censoring and no random censoring. If this option is used, the Fine-Gray model can be estimated using a Cox model by replacing competing event times by administrative censoring times, and censoring competing events [1].
varlist	specifies a list of independent variables, separated by blanks. There is no default value.
class	specifies a subset of the variables of varlist, which should be interpreted as factor variables with multiple levels instead of continuous covariates.
out	specifies the output SAS data set including all covariables, the start and stop times and the weights of the observations. The default name is dat_crr.
firth=1	request the Firth penalization (default=0).
action=estimate	requests the estimation of the Fine-Gray proportional subdistribution hazards model using as covariates all variables specified in varlist (default). If action=code the PSH model is not estimated but the code needed to obtain the PSH analysis using PROC PHREG is printed in the Log window.
by	specifies a variable which can be used to define subsets of a larger data set; useful for efficient processing of multiple data sets of the same structure. This option can also be used for computing weights separately in different strata. The input data set is automatically sorted by this variable.
options	specifies options which are passed to PROC PHREG's MODEL statement. As examples, consider  - options=%str(rl=pl), which requests profile likelihood confidence limits for subdistribution hazards ratios,  - options=%str(selection=backward slstay=0.05), requesting backward variable selection at a 5% significance level, or  - options=%str(ties=efron), employing Efron's tie correction instead of the default Breslow correction. The SAS specific %str(arg) construct causes the argument arg to be used as string without evaluation. Its use is necessary to prevent SAS from interpreting arg before passing it to the MODEL statement of PROC PHREG.
id	specifies a patient identifier variable (usually not needed if each distinct patient is represented by exactly one observation in the input data set).
cuminc=1	to plot unadjusted cumulative incidence curves estimated from the empirical subdistribution hazard, stratified by the levels of the first variable specified in varlist. The default value is 0 (no cumulative incidence curve estimation).
call	specifies an output SAS data set which collects all values of macro options for later reference.
clean=1	if working data set should be cleaned (default), i.e., keeping only relevant variables mentioned in the macro call.
missing=drop	to drop missing values in the modified data set (default). To keep observations with missing values in any variable of the varlist set missing=keep.
delwork=1	to delete all working data sets on exit (default).
tiedcens=after	specifies whether censored times that are tied with event times should be interpreted as occurring slightly after the event times (the default) or slightly before the event.