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. 2015 Dec 9;36(6):424–432. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000336

Table 2. Probationers' suicidal ideation and characteristics by gender.

Characteristics % Male % Female OR 95% CI p
Note. Unweighted data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009–2011. DV = dependent variable. DUI = driving under the influence. ns = not significant.
DV: suicidal ideation 8.0 12.8 1.657 1.369–2.079 < .001
Demographics
Black 16.6 16.6 1.004 0.843–1.196 ns
Hispanic 17.8 17.8 1.006 0.849–1.192 ns
Aged 29 years and younger 78.3 77.3 0.940 0.804–1.098 ns
Married 13.2 14.2 1.092 0.905–1.317 ns
High school completion 66.2 69.2 1.150 1.000–1.323 .049
Social
Attended religious services in the past month 48.2 58.1 1.491 1.308–1.700 < .001
Religious belief is important in your life 59.8 68.1 1.439 1.254–1.651 < .001
Live alone (one-person household) 7.6 6.0 0.779 0.598–1.015 ns
Have children under 18 in household 41.5 55.1 1.729 1.517–1.971 < .001
Moved more than once in the past year 24.5 30.2 1.332 1.153–1.539 < .001
Economic
Employed 77.5 81.6 1.289 1.094–1.519 .002
Below poverty line 27.6 38.7 1.659 1.446–1.902 < .001
Personal income greater than US $19,999 25.6 14.2 0.478 0.401–0.570 < .001
Family income greater than US $19,999 66.3 54.0 0.596 0.522–0.680 < .001
Received government assistance in past year 33.7 50.0 1.967 1.723–2.244 < .001
Health and healthcare within the past 12 months
Poor health 1.7 3.0 1.753 1.152–2.669 .009
Missed work due to injury or illness in the past month 14.9 16.3 1.113 0.932–1.330 ns
Health-care coverage 56.7 70.8 1.847 1.607–2.213 < .001
Any time not covered by health insurance 10.9 14.8 1.415 1.169–1.713 < .001
Serious psychological distress 20.7 34.8 2.048 1.773–2.365 < .001
Major depressive episode 8.2 19.1 2.652 2.194–3.206 < .001
Been to emergency room 40.1 52.8 1.667 1.463–1.900 < .001
Stayed overnight as inpatient in hospital 8.2 16.8 2.279 1.876–2.770 < .001
Prescription medication for mood disorder 4.2 13.7 3.640 2.869–4.619 < .001
Received prescription medication for mental health 11.0 26.9 2.689 2.308–3.134 < .001
Received inpatient mental health treatment 2.7 4.2 1.572 1.110–2.226 .011
Received outpatient mental health treatment 8.0 19.0 2.709 2.238–3.280 < .001
Received alcohol or drug treatment 24.6 21.0 0.816 0.697–0.955 .011
Substance use and criminal behaviors in the past 12 months
Used alcohol 66.3 58.3 0.710 0.621–0.811 < .001
Used illicit drugs (marijuana, heroin, crack, cocaine, inhalants, hallucinogens, and psychotherapeutics) 36.8 31.9 0.802 0.698–0.920 .002
Attacked someone with intent to seriously hurt them 11.8 9.5 0.781 0.629–0.969 .024
Arrested and booked for any reason 48.2 41.7 0.768 0.674–0.876 < .001
Arrested and booked for violence 4.4 3.6 0.815 0.580–1.144 ns
Arrested and booked for DUI 12.4 9.3 0.725 0.585–0.899 0.003
Arrested and booked for possession/sale of drug 11.0 7.4 0.646 0.510–0.818 < .001