Table 1. Operationalization of ID Quality.

Factor	Weak	Strong
Did the interviewing officer ask the eyewitness about media exposure?	No	Yes
Was the eyewitness instructed to avoid discussing the crime and avoid the media?	No	Yes
Did the interviewing officer ask leading questions about the appearance of the perpetrator?	Yes	No
Did the interviewing officer ask leading questions about the quality of the witness's view of the perpetrator?	Yes	No
Were standardized identification procedure instructions used?	No	Yes
How many photos were in the lineup array?	5	8
Did the description of the suspect match the appearance of line-up participants?	No	Yes
Was the interviewing officer unaware of which lineup participant was the suspect?	No	Yes
Was the witness instructed that the perpetrator may or may not be in the lineup?	No	Yes
Did the interviewing officer provide confirmatory feedback immediately after the identification?	Yes	No

Columns indicate differences in the key witness's testimony across the “weak” and “strong” ID Quality conditions. All other aspects of the evidence were held constant across conditions.