Table 1.

Input data: costs used in the model

Variable	Estimate ($US)	Source
Vaccine acquisition
TIV	9.45	CDC [39]
aTIV	13.65	Assumption
QIV	13.65	Assumption
Vaccine administration
All ages	21.00	Prosser [41]
Antiviral cost
All ages	92.35	Talbird et al. [42]
Medical consultation
All ages	98.79	Talbird et al. [42]
Complications
Pneumonia without hospitalization
All ages	206	Talbird et al. [42]
Pneumonia with hospitalization
0–19	5513	Talbird et al. [42]
20–64	14,828
≥65	14,137
Bronchitis without hospitalization
All ages	221	Talbird et al. [42]
Bronchitis with hospitalization
0–19	3906	Talbird et al. [42]
20–64	7449
≥65	8834
Other respiratory without hospitalization
All ages	221	Talbird et al. [42]
Other respiratory with hospitalization
0–19	3906	Talbird et al. [42]
20–64	7449
≥65	8834
CVD without hospitalization
All ages	2711	American Heart Association [43]
CVD with hospitalization
All ages	6017	American Heart Association [43]
Otitis media
All ages	224	Talbird et al. [42]
Lost productivity costs
Without complications
0–3	145	Molinari et al. [27]; case not medically attended
4–6	97
7–19	73
20–64	68
65+	145
Extra loss due to minor complications
0–3	183	Molinari et al. [27]; weighted average of non-high-risk and high-risk outpatient visit
4–6	209
7–9	191
10–19	186
20–49	167
50–64	386
65+	832
Extra loss due to serious complications (pneumonia, bronchitis, CVD)
0–3	1333	Molinari et al. [27]; weighted average of non-high-risk and high-risk outpatient visit
4–6	1576
7–9	1520
10–19	1603
20–49	1934
50–64	2411
65+	2256
Otitis media
All ages	0	Assumed no additional days lost

aTIV adjuvanted trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine, CDC Centers For Disease Control And Prevention, CVD cardiovascular disease, QIV Quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine, TIV trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine