Table 1.
Description of Reported Larynx Infection Caused by Cryptococcus Neoformans
| Age/Sex | Host Factors | Exposure | Systemic Symptoms | Endoscopic Findings (Site) | Cryptococcus Antigen | Treatment (Daily Dose/Duration) | Clinical Outcome | Control Endoscopy | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 53/M | Pigeons | No | Mass (unilateral) | No data | Fluco (400 mg/6 w) | Cure | Normal | [5] | |
| 60/M | Diabetes | Heavy smoking | No | Verrucous lesion | No data | Fluco ( /6 w) | Cure | [11] | |
| 73/M | Diabetes | Heavy smoking | No | Polyploid mass (left VC) | Negative | Lesion excision No antifungal therapy |
Lost on follow-up | Inflammation | [7] |
| 55/M | Inhaled corticosteroids | No | Leukoplakia/erythema (right VC) | Negative | Itra (400 mg/6 w) then fluco (400 mg/10 w) | Cure | Normal | [13] | |
| 58/M | Inhaled corticosteroids | No | Irregular red lesion (unilateral) | Negative | Fluco (400 mg/8 w) | No data | [12] | ||
| 64/M | Inhaled corticosteroids | No | Leukoplakia | No data | Fluco (400 mg/44 w) | No data | Normal | [8] | |
| 44/M | HIV infection | Heavy smoking | No | Irregular, thick, hyperemic lesion (bilateral) | No data | Fluco ( /12 w) | Cure | [8] | |
| 79/F | Inhaled corticosteroids | No | Thickening (bilateral) | Negative | Fluco (/26 w) | Cure | [8] | ||
| 87/M | Systemic corticosteroids | Heavy smoking | No | White lesion with edema and erythema (bilateral) | No data | Fluco (400 mg/8 w) | Cure | Normal | [9] |
| 68/F | Heavy smoking | No | Smooth spheroid cystic mass (right VC) | No data | Lesion excision No antifungal therapy |
Cure | [3] | ||
| 42/M | AIDS | No | Irregular lesion (bilateral) | Negative | Fluco (400 mg /8 w) | Cure | Normal | [6] | |
| 65/F | AIDS | Yes | Tumor-like lesion | Positive | Ampho B (3 w) followed by Fluco (400 mg /26 w) | Death | [16] | ||
| 47 ⁄ M | Chicken manure | No | White, raised lesions and edema | Negative | Ampho B (12 w) | Cure | [14] | ||
| 61/M | Systemic corticosteroid Diabetes | No | Exophytic mass | Positive (1:8) | Fluco (200 mg /6 w) | Persisting hoarseness | Normal | [10] | |
| 46⁄M | AIDS | No data | Erythema and edema | Negative | Ampho B + Fluco (unknown duration) | Cure | Normal | [4] | |
| 31⁄F | No data | Warty lesion (right VC) | Negative | No treatment | Cure | Swelling | [15] | ||
| 78/F | Inhaled corticosteroids | No | Leukoerythroplakia (right VC) | Negative | Fluco (400 mg /15 w) | Cure | Improvement |
Abbreviations: AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Ampho B, amphotericin B; Fluco, fluconazole; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; Itra, itraconazole; VC, vocal cord; w, weeks.