Table 5. Mild enteropathy (Alexander Grade II, Marsh Grades 1 and 2, and KVAST borderline) in CD, non-CD patients, and in the whole study population, during the three study periods.
| Pre-epidemic 1 | Epidemic 2 | Post-epidemic 3 | p value 4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CD children with mild enteropathy 5 | 2% (n = 2/98) | 0.03% (n = 1/319) | 4.5% (n = 26/570) | 0.002 |
| Non-CD children with mild enteropathy 5 | 31.3% (n = 113/361) | 1.5% (n = 14/929) | 3.6% (n = 16/442) | <0.001 |
| All children with mild enteropathy 5 | 25% (n = 115/459) | 1.2% (n = 15/1248) | 4.2% (n = 42/1012) | <0.001 |
| p value 4 | <0.001 | 0.169 | 0.774 |
1 pre-epidemic period = 1973−1983
2 epidemic period = 1984−1996
3post-epidemic period = 1997−2013
4 differences in frequencies were tested with the chi-square test
5 mild enteropathy = Alexander II, Marsh 1 and 2, and KVAST borderline