FIG. 2.
Images depicting selective dielectrophoretic capture of low-abundant particles in three different binary mixtures. Concentration ratios are shown in each image. First column, trapping of yeast cells (green) in a mixture with 500-nm (red) particles obtained at an average voltage of 600 V. The concentration of 500-nm particles was kept constant at 1 × 109 particles/ml. The following yeast cell concentrations were used: (a) 1 × 105, (b) 1 × 104, (c) 1 × 103, and (d) 1 × 102 cells/ml. Second column, trapping of 2-μm (red) particles in a mixture with 1-μm (green) particles obtained at an average voltage of 400 V. The concentration of 1-μm was kept constant at 1 × 108 particles/ml. The following 2-μm particle concentrations were used: (e) 1 × 106, (f) 1 × 105, (g) 1 × 104, and (h) 1 × 103 particles/ml. Third column, trapping of 2-μm (red) particles in a mixture with 500-nm (green) particles obtained at an average voltage of 500 V. The concentration of 500-nm was kept constant at 1 × 109 particles/ml. The following 2-μm particle concentrations were used: (i) 1 × 106, (j) 1 × 105, (k) 1 × 104, and (l) 1 × 103 particles/ml. All of these experiments were repeated at least three times each to ensure experimental reproducibility.