Table 1.
Clinical characteristics at baseline and after 13 years of follow up of the male participants with and without increase in serum uric acid (SUA). The 4th (1994/95) and the 6th (2007/08) Tromsø Study (n = 1270)
| Baseline 1994/95 SUA non-increasers (n = 920) | SUA increasers (n = 350) | p-value* | Follow-up 2007/08 SUA non- increasers (n = 920) | SUA increasers (n = 350) | p-value** | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 56 ± 9 | 58 ± 8 | <0.001 | 69 ± 9 | 71 ± 8 | <0.001 |
| SUA (μmol/L) | 373 ± 81 | 320 ± 62 | <0.001 | 330 ± 61 | 403 ± 77 | <0.001 |
| Estimated GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 96 ± 12 | 95 ± 11 | 0.17 | 85 ± 14 | 78 ± 17 | <0.001 |
| Annual change in estimated GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | - | - | - | −0.87 ± 0.71 | −1.30 ± 0.93 | <0.001 |
| ACR (mg/mmol) | 0.45 (0.33, 0.80) | 0.52 (0.35, 0.86) | 0.02 | 0.46 (0.22, 0.99) | 0.60 (0.27, 1.49) | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 139 ± 17 | 144 ± 19 | <0.001 | 145 ± 21 | 148 ± 21 | 0.05 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 464 (50) | 216 (62) | <0.001 | 673 (73) | 288 (82) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.3 ± 3.0 | 25.9 ± 2.6 | 0.03 | 27.2 ± 3.5 | 27.4 ± 3.3 | 0.10 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 6.56 ± 1.19 | 6.50 ± 1.10 | 0.3 | 5.45 ± 1.16 | 5.40 ± 1.1 | 0.7 |
| Current smokers, n (%) | 239 (27) | 112 (32) | 0.03 | 144 (16) | 36 (11) | 0.04 |
| Physical activity, n(%) | 301 (33) | 122 (35) | 0.9 | 268 (29) | 91 (32) | 0.23 |
| Antihypertensives incl. diuretics, n (%) | 94 (10) | 40 (11) | 0.5 | 94 (10) | 40 (11) | <0.001 |
| Diuretics, n (%) | 4 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | 0.9 | 55 (6) | 43 (13) | 0.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 14 (1.5) | 5 (1.4) | 0.9 | 116 (13) | 43 (12) | 0.9 |
| Previous myocardial infarction and/or stroke, n(%) | 66 (7) | 21 (6) | 0.5 | - | - | - |
| Started antihypertensive treatment during the observation time, n (%) | 279 (30) | 158 (45) | <0.001 | |||
| Stopped smoking during the observation time, n (%) | 113 (12) | 77 (22) | <0.001 | |||
| Became physically active during the observation time, n (%) | 126 (14) | 41 (12) | 0.4 |
Values are given as mean (standard deviation), median (interquartile range) and number (percentages) as appropriate. ACR: urinary albumin/creatinine ratio. P-values for differences between the SUA increasers and non-increasers at baseline* and follow-up**