Table 1.
Baseline demographics, fistula characteristics and repair outcomes of 272 cases managed at a public tertiary hospital in Rwanda
| Variable characteristics | Variable categories | N = 272 | Repair outcomes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | Success (%) | Failure (%) | ||
| Age group | 16–25 | 48 (17.3) | 41 (85.4) | 7 (14.6) |
| ≥26 | 224 (82.7) | 193 (86.2) | 31 (13.8) | |
| Parity | 1 | 60 (22.1) | 50 (83.3) | 10 (16.7) |
| 2–5 | 160 (58.8) | 140 (87.5) | 20 (12.5) | |
| ≥6 | 52 (19.1) | 44 (84.6) | 8 (15.4) | |
| Fistula type | VVF | 93 (34.2) | 79 (84.9) | 14 (15.1) |
| RVF | 48 (17.6) | 46 (95.8) | 2 (4.2) | |
| UVF | 65 (23.9) | 51 (78.5) | 14 (21.5) | |
| VUF | 64 (23.5) | 56 (87.5) | 8 (12.5) | |
| Others | 2 (0.8) | 2 (100) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Fistula cause | Labour | 186 (68.4) | 159 (85.5) | 27 (14.5) |
| Surgical | 71 (26.1) | 64 (90.1) | 7 (9.9) | |
| Others | 15 (5.5) | 10 (66.7) | 5 (33.3) | |
| Surgical operation | Vaginal | 189 (69.5) | 165 (87.3) | 24 (22.7) |
| Abdominal | 62 (22.8) | 53 (85.5) | 9 (14.5) | |
| Others | 19 (7.0) | 16 (84.2) | 3 (15.8) | |
| Inoperable | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (100) | |
| Time in labour (days) | 0–2 | 177 (65.1) | 161 (91.0) | 16 (9.0) |
| ≥3 | 93 (34.9) | 73 (78.5) | 20 (21.5) | |
| Not applicable | 2 | 0 (0.0) | 2 (100) | |
| Fistula duration (years) | 0 | 99 (36.4) | 92 (92.9) | 7 (7.1) |
| ≥1 | 173 (63.6) | 142 (82.1) | 31 (17.9) | |
| Repair attempt | 1st | 234 (86.0) | 207 (88.5) | 27 (11.5) |
| 2nd to 4th | 38 (14.0) | 27 (71.1) | 11 (28.9) | |