Table 7.
α-Amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the spice extracts prior and following digestion in the gastric and duodenal phases. ∗ P < 0.05 denotes statistically significant difference as compared with the respective values prior to in vitro digestion.
| Sample code | α-Amylase inhibitory activity | α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prior (IC50, μg/mL) |
Gastric (IC50, μg/mL) |
Duodenal (IC50, μg/mL) |
Prior (IC50, μg/mL) |
Gastric (IC50, μg/mL) |
Duodenal (IC50, μg/mL) |
|
| Fenugreek | 48.9 ± 1.6 | 49.5 ± 3.6 | 48.9 ± 1.8 | 55.8 ± 1.9 | 56.7 ± 1.4 | 56.9 ± 1.7 |
| Curry leaves | 55.9 ± 1.4 | 58.7 ± 1.9 | 58.9 ± 1.8 | 59.6 ± 1.5 | 60.2 ± 1.6 | 61.2 ± 1.8 |
| Coriander | 60.3 ± 1.8 | 61.4 ± 1.8 | 61.9 ± 1.7 | 69.8 ± 1.4 | 70.8± 1.6 | 71.9 ± 1.4 |
| Nutmeg | 75.9 ± 1.2 | 75.9 ± 1.2 | 76.8 ± 1.9 | 81.2 ± 1.7 | 82.6 ± 1.6 | 83.9 ± 1.4 |
| Star anise | 83.6 ± 1.6 | 84.9 ± 1.5 | 88.7 ± 1.4 | 92.6 ± 1.9 | 95.8 ± 2.0 | 96.8 ± 2.1 |
| Sweet cumin | 104.9 ± 1.9 | 106.2 ± 1.7 | 109.5 ± 2.1 | 119.5 ± 1.1 | 120.3 ± 1.2 | 121.5 ± 1.8 |
| Cloves | 128.9 ± 3.6 | 139.5 ± 2.4∗ | 140.2 ± 3.6∗ | 149.8 ± 2.6 | 151.9 ± 2.4 | 154.3 ± 2.5 |
| Mustard | 169.8 ± 2.6 | 170.6 ± 2.8 | 171.6 ± 2.4 | 179.6 ± 1.5 | 184.6 ± 2.1 | 188.4 ± 2.6 |
| Cardamom | 197.9 ± 1.6 | 198.6 ± 1.7 | 198.6 ± 1.7 | 256.3 ± 6.4 | 256.9 ± 6.2 | 256.9 ± 6.2 |
| Cumin seeds | 254.6 ± 4.8 | 269.4 ± 4.8∗ | 266.1 ± 4.7∗ | 279.6 ± 2.6 | 281.6 ± 2.5 | 281.4 ± 2.3 |