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. 2015 Dec 1;32(23):1861–1882. doi: 10.1089/neu.2014.3680

FIG. 1.

FIG. 1.

Fluid percussion injury diagram. A saline-filled tube with a flexible end cap is struck by a pendulum; this rapidly injects a saline bolus into the closed cranium to produce traumatic brain injury. A protractor on the pendulum allows for precise and repeatable forces.