Table 3.

Summary of experimental methodology from four key studies investigating the impact of B. burgdorferi and B. microti coinfection.

Krause et al. (1996) [18]	Human subjects, n = 250   B. burgdorferi seropositive: n = 214   B. microti seropositive: n = 10  Coinfected: n = 26	Epidemiological analyses Clinical evaluation: physical exam and medical history Serological assessment: blood smears, ELISA, western blot, IFA, and PCR Statistical analyses: χ 2 analysis and Student's t-test
Wang et al. (2000) [22]	Human subjects, n = 336  Clinical Lyme disease: n = 171  Acute concurrent Lyme disease and babesiosis: n = 4   B. burgdorferi seropositive: n = 112   B. microti seropositive: n = 48   B. burgdorferi and B. microti seropositive: n = 27	Epidemiological analyses Clinical evaluation: physical exam and medical history Serological assessment: western blot and antibody-capture EIA for B. burgdorferi; IFA for B. microti  Statistical analyses: χ 2 analysis and Student's t-test
Moro et al. (2002) [54]	Mouse model Species: C3H/HeJ and BALB/c	Histopathological analysis for arthritis and carditis Spirochete quantification: competitive PCR Tissue cytokine analysis: ELISA
Coleman et al. (2005) [55]	Mouse model Species: C3H/HeN and BALB/c	Histopathological analysis for arthritis, carditis, and splenomegaly Spirochete quantification: quantitative PCR Serological assessment: ELISA, indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA), complete blood count, and blood smears