Table 3.
Dose-response relationships between smoking and glioma deaths
| Men |
Women |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Control | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR | Case | Control | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI)a | |
| N (% of Proportion) | (95% CI)a | N (% of smokers) | ||||||
| Total | ||||||||
| Non-smoker | 1047 (40.3) | 2202 (42.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1629 (83.3) | 3340 (85.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Years of smoking | ||||||||
| <20 | 211 (8.1) | 510 (9.8) | 0.87 (0.73–1.04) | 0.70 (0.57–0.85) | 40 (2.0) | 80 (2.0) | 1.03 (0.70–1.51) | 1.03 (0.70–1.51) |
| 20∼29 | 287 (11.0) | 607 (11.7) | 0.99 (0.85–1.17) | 0.92 (0.78–1.08) | 58 (3.0) | 109 (2.8) | 1.09 (0.79–1.51) | 1.09 (0.79–1.51) |
| ≥30 | 1055 (40.6) | 1881 (36.2) | 1.18 (1.06–1.31) | 1.24 (1.11–1.38) | 229 (11.7) | 383 (9.8) | 1.23 (1.03–1.46) | 1.22 (1.02–1.46) |
| P for trend | <0.001 | 0.016 | ||||||
| Cigarettes smoked daily | ||||||||
| <10 | 393 (15.1) | 838 (16.1) | 0.99 (0.86–1.14) | 1.00 (0.87–1.16) | 159 (8.1) | 297 (7.6) | 1.10 (0.90–1.34) | 1.09 (0.89–1.34) |
| 10∼19 | 513 (19.7) | 1071 (20.6) | 1.01 (0.89–1.15) | 1.00 (0.86–1.13) | 91 (4.7) | 183 (4.7) | 1.02 (0.79–1.32) | 1.02 (0.79–1.32) |
| ≥20 | 647 (24.9) | 1089 (20.9) | 1.25 (1.11–1.41) | 1.24 (1.10–1.41) | 77 (3.9) | 92 (2.4) | 1.72 (1.26–2.34) | 1.71 (1.25–2.33) |
| P for trend | 0.001 | 0.004 | ||||||
| Pathology-basedb | ||||||||
| Non-smoker | 379 (41.7) | 2202 (42.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 565 (85.9) | 3340 (85.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Years of smoking | ||||||||
| <20 | 97 (10.7) | 510 (9.8) | 1.11 (0.87–1.41) | 0.72 (0.55–0.95) | 9 (1.4) | 80 (2.0) | 0.67 (0.33–1.33) | 0.63 (0.32–1.27) |
| 20–29 | 116 (12.8) | 607 (11.7) | 1.11 (0.89–1.39) | 0.96 (0.76–1.21) | 20 (3.0) | 109 (2.8) | 1.09 (0.67–1.76) | 1.07 (0.66–1.75) |
| ≥30 | 318 (35.0) | 1881 (36.2) | 0.98 (0.84–1.15) | 1.15 (0.97–1.36) | 64 (9.7) | 383 (9.8) | 0.99 (0.75–1.31) | 1.12 (0.83–1.49) |
| P for trend | 0.097 | 0.284 | ||||||
| Cigarettes smoked daily | ||||||||
| <10 | 123 (13.5) | 838 (16.1) | 0.85 (0.69–1.06) | 0.92 (0.74–1.15) | 45 (6.8) | 297 (7.6) | 0.90 (0.65–1.24) | 0.97 (0.69–1.34) |
| 10–19 | 185 (20.3) | 1071 (20.6) | 1.00 (0.83–1.21) | 0.95 (0.79–1.16) | 23 (3.5) | 183 (4.7) | 0.74 (0.48–1.16) | 0.78 (0.50–1.22) |
| ≥20 | 223 (24.5) | 1089 (20.9) | 1.19 (0.99–1.43) | 1.14 (0.95–1.37) | 25 (3.8) | 92 (2.4) | 1.61 (1.02–2.52) | 1.74 (1.11–2.75) |
| P for trend | 0.114 | 0.195 | ||||||
| Non-pathology-basedb | ||||||||
| Non-smoker | 668 (39.5) | 2202 (42.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1064 (82.0) | 3340 (85.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Years of smoking | ||||||||
| <20 | 114 (6.8) | 510 (9.8) | 0.74 (0.59–0.92) | 0.67 (0.53–0.86) | 31 (2.4) | 80 (2.0) | 1.22 (0.80–1.85) | 1.26 (0.83–1.92) |
| 20–29 | 171 (10.1) | 607 (11.7) | 0.93 (0.77–1.12) | 0.90 (0.73–1.09) | 38 (2.9) | 109 (2.8) | 1.09 (0.75–1.59) | 1.11 (0.76–1.61) |
| ≥30 | 737 (43.6) | 1881 (36.2) | 1.29 (1.14–1.46) | 1.29 (1.13–1.46) | 165 (12.7) | 383 (9.8) | 1.35 (1.11–1.64) | 1.28 (1.04–1.56) |
| P for trend | <0.001 | 0.007 | ||||||
| Cigarettes smoked daily | ||||||||
| <10 | 270 (16.0) | 838 (16.1) | 1.05 (0.89–1.23) | 1.06 (0.90–1.25) | 114 (8.8) | 297 (7.6) | 1.21 (0.96–1.51) | 1.16 (0.92–1.46) |
| 10–19 | 328 (19.4) | 1071 (20.6) | 1.02 (0.87–1.18) | 1.01 (0.87–1.17) | 68 (5.2) | 183 (4.7) | 1.17 (0.88–1.55) | 1.14 (0.86–1.53) |
| ≥20 | 424 (25.1) | 1089 (21.0) | 1.30 (1.13–1.50) | 1.28 (1.11–1.48) | 52 (4.0) | 92 (2.4) | 1.78 (1.26–2.51) | 1.72 (1.21–2.43) |
| P for trend | 0.006 | 0.001 | ||||||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.
aAdjusted for age and urban or rural residence.
bAll controls included in this study were used.