Table III.
Mean AFC by quartiles of urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations, adjusted for age, BMI, and smoking among 215 women with 215 AFC measurements in EARTH.
| Metabolite | Mean AFC (95% CI)1 | Difference in mean AFC | % Change (95% CI) | P-value2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ∑DEHP (µmol/l) | ||||
| Q1 (0.02–0.09) | 14.2 (13.2, 15.2) | 0 (ref) | – | – |
| Q2 (0.10–0.21) | 10.7 (9.9, 11.6) | −3.5 | −24% (−32, −16) | <0.001 |
| Q3 (0.21–0.44) | 11.5 (10.7, 12.5) | −2.7 | −19% (−27, −9) | 0.002 |
| Q4 (0.46–18.88) | 12.1 (11.2, 13.1) | −2.1 | −14% (−23, −5) | 0.004 |
| P-trend3 | 0.34 | |||
| MEHP (µg/l) | ||||
| Q1 (0.21–1.62) | 14.1 (13.1, 15.2) | 0 (ref) | – | – |
| Q2 (1.63–3.50) | 12.0 (11.1, 13.0) | −2.1 | −15% (−23, −5) | 0.003 |
| Q3 (3.53–6.53) | 10.2 (9.3, 11.0) | −3.9 | −28% (−36, −20) | <0.001 |
| Q4 (6.71–265) | 12.3 (11.4, 13.2) | −1.8 | −13% (−22, −3) | 0.009 |
| P-trend | 0.33 | |||
| MEHHP (µg/l) | ||||
| Q1 (1.00–7.50) | 13.4 (12.5, 14.5) | 0 (ref) | – | – |
| Q2 (8.21–17.70) | 11.7 (10.8, 12.6) | −1.7 | −13% (−22, −3) | 0.01 |
| Q3 (17.90–40.57) | 10.9 (10.1, 11.9) | −2.5 | −19% (−27, −9) | 0.0002 |
| Q4 (41.10–1977) | 12.5 (11.6, 13.5) | −0.9 | −7% (−16, 4) | 0.20 |
| P-trend | 0.92 | |||
| MEOHP (µg/l) | ||||
| Q1 (0.94–5.10) | 13.9 (12.9, 15.0) | 0 (ref) | – | – |
| Q2 (5.14–11.12) | 11.5 (10.7, 12.5) | −2.4 | −17% (−26, −7) | 0.0009 |
| Q3 (11.22–24.90) | 11.4 (10.5, 12.3) | −2.5 | −18% (−27, −9) | 0.0003 |
| Q4 (25.03–1278) | 11.7 (10.9, 12.7) | −2.2 | −16% (−24, −6) | 0.002 |
| P-trend | 0.06 | |||
| MECPP (µg/l) | ||||
| Q1 (3.17–13.40) | 14.0 (13.0, 15.1) | 0 (ref) | – | – |
| Q2 (13.50–29.34) | 10.9 (10.1, 11.8) | −3.1 | −22% (−30, −13) | <0.001 |
| Q3 (29.63–58.45) | 12.0 (11.1, 12.9) | −2.0 | −14% (−23, −5) | 0.004 |
| Q4 (59.10–2109) | 11.7 (10.8, 12.6) | −2.3 | −17% (−25, −7) | 0.001 |
| P-trend | 0.08 | |||
| MEP(µg/l) | ||||
| Q1 (3.43–25.20) | 12.6 (11.7, 13.6) | 0 (ref) | – | – |
| Q2 (27.60–54.02) | 12.5 (11.6, 13.5) | −0.1 | −1% (−11, 10) | 0.81 |
| Q3 (54.17–138.85) | 11.3 (10.4, 12.2) | −1.3 | −11% (−20, 0) | 0.04 |
| Q4 (139.11–5995) | 12.1 (11.2, 13.1) | −0.5 | −4% (−14, 7) | 0.47 |
| P-trend | 0.68 | |||
| MBP (µg/l) | ||||
| Q1 (0.60–7.35) | 13.1 (12.2, 14.2) | 0 (ref) | – | – |
| Q2 (7.43–12.75) | 11.9 (11.0, 12.8) | −1.2 | −10% (−19, 1) | 0.07 |
| Q3 (12.79–22.14) | 11.0 (10.1, 12.0) | −2.1 | −16% (−25, −6) | 0.002 |
| Q4 (22.50–140.20) | 12.5 (11.6, 13.5) | −0.6 | −5% (−15, 6) | 0.34 |
| P-trend | 0.57 | |||
| MCPP (µg/l) | ||||
| Q1 (0.30–1.70) | 12.0 (11.1, 13.0) | 0 (ref) | – | – |
| Q2 (1.71–2.65) | 11.7 (10.8, 12.7) | −0.3 | −2% (−13, 9) | 0.67 |
| Q3 (2.66–5.50) | 12.0 (11.1, 13.0) | 0 | 0% (−10, 12) | 0.94 |
| Q4 (5.56–61.70) | 12.8 (11.9, 13.8) | 0.8 | 7% (−4, 19) | 0.23 |
| P-trend | 0.11 | |||
| MiBP (µg/l) | ||||
| Q1 (0.50–3.50) | 12.7 (11.8, 13.7) | 0 (ref) | -- | - |
| Q2 (3.61–6.75) | 12.8 (11.9, 13.8) | 0.1 | 1% (−10, 12) | 0.92 |
| Q3 (6.75–10.21) | 11.1 (10.3, 12.1) | −1.6 | −13% (−22, −2) | 0.02 |
| Q4 (10.28–90.0) | 11.9 (11.0, 12.9) | −0.8 | −6% (−16, 4) | 0.23 |
| P-trend | 0.12 | |||
| MBzP (µg/l) | ||||
| Q1 (0.22–1.63) | 12.1 (11.1, 13.0) | 0 (ref) | – | – |
| Q2 (1.71–3.24) | 12.0 (11.1, 13.0) | −0.1 | 0% (−11, 11) | 0.93 |
| Q3 (3.30–6.28) | 12.6 (11.7, 13.6) | 0.5 | 4% (−6, 17) | 0.44 |
| Q4 (6.39–75.19) | 11.9 (11.0, 12.9) | −0.2 | −1% (−12, 10) | 0.81 |
| P-trend | 0.80 | |||
| MCOP (µg/l) | ||||
| Q1 (0.92–5.56) | 12.3 (11.4, 13.4) | 0 (ref) | – | – |
| Q2 (5.80–14.19) | 11.7 (10.8, 12.7) | −0.6 | −5% (−16, 6) | 0.36 |
| Q3 (14.23–42.80) | 12.3 (11.4, 13.3) | 0 | 0% (−11, 12) | 0.96 |
| Q4 (43.22–520.0) | 12.8 (11.8, 13.9) | 0.5 | 4% (−7, 16) | 0.52 |
| P-trend | 0.23 | |||
| MCNP (µg/l) | ||||
| Q1 (0.51–2.06) | 12.0 (11.0, 13.0) | 0 (ref) | – | – |
| Q2 (2.07–3.53) | 11.6 (10.7, 12.7) | −0.4 | −3% (−14, 9) | 0.62 |
| Q3 (3.53–6.50) | 13.0 (12.0, 14.0) | 1.0 | 8% (−3, 22) | 0.16 |
| Q4 (6.75–160.5) | 12.6 (11.6, 13.6) | 0.6 | 5% (−6, 18) | 0.41 |
| P-trend | 0.35 | |||
1Poisson regression models adjusted for maternal age (continuous), BMI (continuous) and smoking status (never, ever).
2P-value is for test of significant difference between the quartile of interest and quartile 1.
3Tests for linear trend were performed using the median level of urinary phthalate metabolite in each quartile in the regression model, adjusting for covariates.