Table 2. Factors pre-PP predicting plain packaging support preimplementation and postimplementation, plus predictors of support post-PP among those not originally supportive.
| Predictors of level of support, pre-PP OR (95% CI) | Pre-PP predictors of post-PP level of support OR (95% CI) | Predictors of change in support from non-support, for those in pre-PP wave OR (95% PI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 1037 | 732 | 535 |
| Gender | |||
| Female | REF | REF | REF |
| Male | 1.20* (1.04 to 1.39) | 0.95 (0.80 to 1.12) | 0.69 (0.46 to 1.05) |
| Age in years | |||
| 18-24 | 0.73 (0.46 to 1.14) | 0.66 (0.39 to 1.13) | 0.69 (0.19 to 2.55) |
| 25-39 | 0.91 (0.73 to 1.13) | 0.81 (0.63 to 1.04) | 0.60 (0.33 to 1.11) |
| 40-54 | 0.92 (0.78 to 1.09) | 1.00 (0.83 to 1.21) | 0.75 (0.47 to 1.20) |
| 55+ | REF | REF | REF |
| SES | |||
| Low | REF | REF | REF |
| Medium | 0.78** (0.65 to 0.93) | 0.89 (0.72 to 1.09) | 0.88 (0.53 to 1.45) |
| High | 0.89 (0.74 to 1.08) | 0.90 (0.72 to 1.11) | 1.06 (0.62 to 1.81) |
| Pre-PP want to quit? | |||
| Not at all | REF | REF | REF |
| A little | 1.03 (0.77 to 1.37) | 1.27 (0.91 to 1.75) | 1.60 (0.70 to 3.64) |
| Somewhat | 1.52** (1.19 to 1.95) | 1.32* (1.004 to 1.75) | 2.05 (0.997 to 4.21) |
| A lot | 1.71*** (1.32 to 2.20) | 1.56** (1.17 to 2.08) | 2.20* (1.05 to 4.59) |
| Recent QA at outcome wave | |||
| No | REF | REF | REF |
| Yes | 1.07 (0.91 to 1.26) | 1.04 (0.86 to 1.28) | 1.20 (0.74 to 1.94) |
| Self-rated health pre-PP | |||
| Poor | REF | REF | REF |
| Fair | 1.09 (0.80 to 1.48) | 0.90 (0.61 to 1.31) | 0.58 (0.23 to 1.46) |
| Good | 1.10 (0.81 to 1.50) | 1.03 (0.71 to 1.50) | 0.80 (0.32 to 1.95) |
| Very good/excellent | 1.18 (0.85 to 1.64) | 1.06 (0.71 to 1.57) | 0.81 (0.31 to 2.11) |
| Disease risk if keep smoking | |||
| Very high | REF | REF | REF |
| Somewhat high | 0.84 (0.70 to 1.02) | 0.82 (0.65 to 1.03) | 0.84 (0.48 to 1.45) |
| Neither | 0.73* (0.58 to 0.94) | 0.60*** (0.46 to 0.79) | 0.43* (0.22 to 0.84) |
| Somewhat/very low | 0.77 (0.56 to 1.07) | 0.63* (0.42 to 0.93) | 0.89 (0.33 to 2.41) |
| Smoking has damaged your health | |||
| Not at all | REF | REF | REF |
| Just a little | 0.93 (0.73 to 1.18) | 0.98 (0.75 to 1.27) | 1.19 (0.59 to 2.39) |
| A fair amount/a great deal | 1.06 (0.81 to 1.39) | 1.13 (0.83 to 1.53) | 1.69 (0.77 to 3.71) |
| Pre-PP self-efficacy | |||
| Not at all sure | REF | REF | REF |
| Slightly sure | 1.19 (0.96 to 1.46) | 1.07 (0.85 to 1.36) | 0.89 (0.49 to 1.62) |
| Moderately sure | 0.96 (0.80 to 1.15) | 1.07 (0.87 to 1.31) | 0.98 (0.60 to 1.62) |
| Very/extremely sure | 0.84 (0.66 to 1.07) | 0.82 (0.61 to 1.09) | 1.04 (0.52 to 2.09) |
| Pre-PP HIS | |||
| Low | REF | REF | REF |
| Medium | 0.78** (0.65 to 0.94) | 0.78* (0.63 to 0.96) | 0.81 (0.49 to 1.36) |
| High | 0.67*** (0.54 to 0.82) | 0.65*** (0.51 to 0.82) | 0.54* (0.30 to 0.97) |
| Post-PP Smoking Status | |||
| Ex-smoker | REF | REF | |
| Smoker | 0.84 (0.64 to 1.10) | 0.70 (0.37 to 1.32) | |
| Pre-PP Opinion | |||
| Opposed | REF | ||
| Neutral | 1.90** (1.19 to 3.01) |
*
p<0.05;
**
p<0.01;
***
p<0.001
The pre-PP survey occurred between September 2011 and February 2012, whereas the post-PP survey occurred between February 2013 and May 2013.
HSI, Heaviness of Smoking Index; PP, plain packaging; SES, socioeconomic status.