Table 3.

Pre-operative chemo-radiotherapy in gastric and esophagogastric junction cancer

Ref.	Phase	Selection criteria	Study arms	No. of patients	R0 resection (%)	Pathologic CR (%)	Median survival (mo)
Zhang et al[36]	RCT	EGJ	40 Gy EBRT + surgery vs surgery alone	370 (171 + 199)	89.5	0	5-yr OS 30% vs 20%
Shchepotin et al[37]	RCT	M0 resectable and unresectable	Surgery alone vs 20 Gy EBRT vs 20 Gy EBRT + Hy	293 (98 + 100 + 95)	NS	NS	5-yr OS 21.3%
Skoropad et al[38]	RCT	M0 resectable + EGJ	20 Gy EBRT + Hy + 20 Gy IORT vs surgery alone	122 (59 + 53)	66	0	16
Safran et al[39]	Phase I	Unresectable M0	45 Gy EBRT+ Paclitaxel	27	NS	11	2-yr OS 35%
Lowy et al[40]	Phase I	T > 2, Any N, M0	45 Gy EBRT, 5-FU	24	75	11	NS
Ajani et al[41]	Phase II	T > 2, Any N	5FU, LV, P + 45 Gy EBRT, 5FU	33	70	30	34
Ajani et al[42]	Phase II	M0 resectable + EGJ	FP, paclitaxel + 45 Gy EBRT, 5FU	41	78	20	> 36
Allal et al[43]	Phase I	T3-T4, N+	FP, Leucovorin + 31.2–45.6 Gy EBRT	19	NS	5	5-yr OS 35%
Ajani et al[44]	Phase II	M0 resectable	FP, LV, P + 45 Gy EBRT, 5FU, cis	49	63	26	23
Stahl et al[45] POET trial	Phase III RCT	EGJ	PFL × 3 + 30 Gy + cisplatin/etoposide + surgery vs PFL × 2, 5 + surgery	126 (62+64)	72 vs 69	15.6 vs 2.0	33.1 vs 21.1
Van Hagen et al[48] CROSS trial	Phase III RCT	Esophageal or EGJ cancer	Carboplatin + paclitaxel + 41.1Gy + surgery vs surgery alone	366 (178 + 188)	92 vs 69	29 (CRT + surgery)	49.9 vs 24

R0: Curative (R0) resections; CR: Complete response; GEJ: Gastro-esophageal junction; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; EBRT: External beam radiotherapy; IORT: Intraoperative radiotherapy; Hy: Hypertermia; FP: Fluorouracil and cisplatin; LV: Leucovorin; NS: Not stated; OS: Overall survival.