Ref (type)	Population	Outcome, Interventions	Results and statistical analysis	Effect size	Favours
Healing rates
[7] Systematic review	Number of people unclear 2 RCTs in this analysis	Healing rates 3–5 weeks with electrotherapy with sham treatment Absolute results not reported	RR 7.92 95% CI 2.40 to 26.30	Large effect size	electrotherapy
[20] RCT	49 people In review [7]	Percentage area of pressure ulcer healed 4 weeks 50% with electrotherapy 23% with sham treatment	P = 0.04	Effect size not calculated	electrotherapy
[8] Systematic review	7 people Data from 1 RCT	Reduction in wound surface area 22% with interrupted direct current 3% with placebo-interrupted direct current	P value not reported
[21] RCT	63 people In review [8]	Proportion of people completely healed 8 weeks 5/35 (14%) with electrotherapy 3/28 (11%) with sham treatment	P = 0.39		Not significant
[21] RCT	63 people In review [8]	Proportion of people completely healed 12 weeks 9/35 (26%) with electrotherapy 10/28 (36%) with sham treatment	P = 0.28		Not significant
[21] RCT	63 people In review [8]	Mean time to complete healing 63 days with electrotherapy 90 days with sham treatment	P = 0.16		Not significant
[22] RCT	34 people with spinal cord injury, grade 2 to 4 ulcers, average age 50 years In review [10]	Mean decrease in percentage wound surface area 3 months 70% with high-voltage pulsed current plus standard care 36% with standard care	P = 0.048 Borderline significance	Effect size not calculated	high-voltage pulsed current plus standard care
[19] RCT	57 people with stage 2 and stage 3 pressure ulcers	Mean decrease in wound surface area 6 weeks 89% with electrical stimulation plus standard care 44% with standard care alone Absolute numbers not reported	P <0.001	Effect size not calculated	electrical stimulation plus standard care