Table 2.
Demographics, socioeconomic status, risk behaviours, and significant life events by depressed mood among injection drug users
| Demographics | Depressed mood n (%) | No depressed mood, n (%) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Risk behaviours | |||
|
| |||
| Age, years | 0.3 | ||
| 18 to 39 | 169 (67.1) | 33 (75.0) | |
| ≥40 | 83 (32.9) | 11 (25.0) | |
| Sex | 0.37 | ||
| Male | 66 (26.2) | 15 (32.6) | |
| Female | 186 (73.8) | 31 (67.4) | |
| Cultural status | 0.16 | ||
| Caucasian | 23 (9.1) | 8 (17.8) | |
| Aboriginal | 226 (89.3) | 37 (82.2) | |
| Other | 4 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Sexual orientation | 0.04 | ||
| Heterosexual | 198 (78.3) | 42 (91.3) | |
| Homosexual, bisexual, or other | 55 (21.7) | 4 (8.7) | |
| Marital status | 0.35 | ||
| Single | 151 (60.4) | 22 (48.9) | |
| Married or common-law | 68 (27.2) | 16 (35.5) | |
| Separated, widowed, divorced, or other | 31 (12.4) | 7 (15.6) | |
|
| |||
| Socioeconomic status | |||
|
| |||
| Education level | 0.7 | ||
| ≥Grade 12 | 53 (21.4) | 11 (23.9) | |
| <Grade 12 | 195 (78.6) | 35 (76.1) | |
| Household income, $ | 0.15 | ||
| <20 000 | 201 (93.5) | 33 (86.8) | |
| >20 000 | 14 (6.5) | 5 (13.2) | |
| Do you consider yourself to be homeless? | 0.05 | ||
| Yes | 105 (43.0) | 12 (27.3) | |
| No | 139 (57.0) | 32 (72.7) | |
|
| |||
| Risk behaviours | |||
|
| |||
| Have you injected a drug in the last 4 weeks? | 0.006 | ||
| Yes | 187 (74.2) | 25 (54.3) | |
| No | 65 (25.8) | 21 (45.7) | |
| Have you ever given sex to get drugs? | 0.84 | ||
| Yes | 189 (74.7) | 35 (76.1) | |
| No | 64 (25.3) | 11 (23.9) | |
| Have you ever given someone drugs to have sex with you? | 0.21 | ||
| Yes | 47 (18.6) | 5 (10.9) | |
| No | 206 (81.4) | 41 (89.1) | |
| Physical assault or abuse in your adult life by your partner | 200 (81.0) | 27 (58.7) | 0.001 |
| Physical assault or abuse in your adult life by someone other than your partner | 192 (78.0) | 30 (65.2) | 0.06 |
| Physical assault or abuse as a child | 186 (76.5) | 35 (77.8) | 0.86 |
| Seeing people hitting or harming one another in your family while growing up | 213 (87.7) | 37 (82.2) | 0.32 |
| Sexual assault in your adult life | 148 (59.7) | 21 (46.7) | 0.1 |
| Sexual assault as a child | 171 (70.4) | 28 (60.9) | 0.2 |
| Seeing someone physically assaulted or abused | 207 (85.9) | 40 (87.0) | 0.85 |
| Seeing someone seriously injured or violently killed | 161 (66.0) | 32 (69.6) | 0.64 |
| Losing a child through death | 82 (34.3) | 16 (35.6) | 0.87 |
| Death or permanent separation from a parent or someone who was like a parent to you before 18 | 148 (61.2) | 18 (40.9) | 0.01 |
| Death of a spouse | 25 (54.3) | 0.13 | 0.13 |
| Attended a Residential School | 88 (35.9) | 15 (33.3) | 0.74 |
| Had a parent or a grandparent who attended a Residential School | 35 (76.1) | 0.42 | 0.42 |