Table 3.

Summary of the F ratios and p values produced by the three-way ANOVA tests for the four outcome measures.

Outcome measure	Effect	F ratio	p value
BBS	Surgerya	0.36	0.54
	Exercise groupb	1.12	0.29
	Occasionc	221.42	0.000*
	Surgery × exercise group	1.27	0.26
	Surgery × occasion	0.45	0.50
	Exercise group × occasion	7.19	0.009*
	Surgery × exercise group × occasion	1.86	0.17
TUG	Surgerya	0.11	0.73
	Exercise groupb	0.28	0.59
	Occasionc	219.58	0.000*
	Surgery × exercise group	0.87	0.35
	Surgery × occasion	0.00	0.98
	Exercise group × occasion	8.76	0.004*
	Surgery × exercise group × occasion	0.49	0.48
WOMAC-function	Surgerya	3.90	0.053
	Exercise groupb	0.11	0.73
	Occasionc	165.41	0.000*
	Surgery × exercise group	0.03	0.85
	Surgery × occasion	0.22	0.64
	Exercise group × occasion	0.71	0.40
	Surgery × exercise group × occasion	1.31	0.25
ABC	Surgerya	2.37	0.12
	Exercise groupb	0.49	0.48
	Occasionc	137.27	0.000*
	Surgery × exercise group	0.37	0.54
	Surgery × occasion	0.07	0.78
	Exercise group × occasion	0.47	0.49
	Surgery × exercise group × occasion	0.64	0.42

BBS: Berg Balance Scale; TUG: Timed Up and Go test; WOMAC-function: Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index physical function subscale; ABC: Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale.

^aSurgery effect: total hip arthroplasty versus total knee arthroplasty.

^bExercise group effect: typical exercise group versus typical plus balance exercise group.

^cOccasion effect: baseline versus follow-up.

^*p < 0.01.