Table 2.
Pain score, heart rate and oxygen saturation.
| Control (n = 20) | Heel lance Placebo–NNS (n = 15) | Heel lance Sweet-Ease–NNS (n = 9) | p value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pain score | ||||
| Mean (min–max) | ||||
| Baseline | 4.6 (2–7) | 4.3 (2–8) | 4.3 (2–7) | 0.611 |
| Procedural | 7.3 (2–12) | 6.7 (3–12) | 5.7 (4–11) | 0.337 |
| Heart rate | ||||
| Baseline | 156.7 (12.0) | 159.8 (11.8) | 151.6 (11.9) | 0.244 |
| Procedural | 156.8 (14.2) | 168.4 (11.5) | 164.6 (11.9) | 0.025a |
| Oxygen saturation | ||||
| Baseline | 96.5 (0.5) | 96.2 (0.5) | 96.2 (0.5) | 0.885 |
| Procedural | 96.2 (0.6) | 95.8 (0.6) | 96.4 (0.6) | 0.791 |
NNS: non-nutritive sucking.
a
Control group procedural pain score was significantly lower than both heel lance groups.
*
Kruskall–Wallis test.