Figure 7.
Intracellular antioxidant activity in 3T3 fibroblasts in vitro (a) intracellularly deacetylated DCFH-DA (DCFH) is converted by reactive oxygen species (ROS) into fluorescent dichlorofluorescein (DCF), the fluorescence of which is measured in the presence of an applied oxidative stress (free radical generator, ABAP), (b) normalized fluorescence of untreated cells with applied oxidative stress compared to cells treated with 50 μg/mL TA, vitamin C or TA NPs, and (c) uptake of EtTP-5 loaded nanoparticles (red) at 1000 μg TA NPs/mL (d = 73.5 ± 1.5 nm) colocalized with the lysosomes stained green (LysoTracker® Green). Antioxidant-loaded nanoparticles prevent oxidative stress induced production of DCF.