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. 2015 Nov 2;2015(11):CD003281. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003281.pub4

Direkvand‐Moghadam 2013.

Methods Parallel 3‐arm randomized trial, conducted in Iran. Study conducted from September 2011 to October 2012.
Participants 102 healthy women, aged 18 ‐ 35 years, at first to fourth pregnancy, with normal foetal heart rates, undergoing Caesaren delivery with spinal anaesthesia between 29 September 2011 to 23 October 2012 at University Hospital of Ilam, West of Iran.
 Exclusion: Acute or chronic diseases associated with nausea and vomiting, carpal tunnel syndrome, preoperative opioids, weights < 50 kg or > 100 kg.
Interventions Group 1: No P6 treatment group (n = 34)
Group 2: Metoclopramide IV before spinal anaesthesia induction (n = 34)
Group 3: P6 acupressure wristbands applied to both wrists 15 min before spinal anaesthesia induction and removed 6 hours after surgery (n = 34)
Outcomes Nausea (0 ‐ 6 h), vomiting (0 ‐ 6 h), risk of rescue antiemetic drugs (0 ‐ 6 h).
Notes All treatment groups were used in the analysis. Details of exact type of rescue antiemetic were not given. Power calculation done. Funding from Ilam University of Medical Sciences. No financial or other competing interests declared by authors.
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Low risk "Patients were randomly assigned to one of the three groups by a trained midwife, with 34 cases in each group, at the obstetrical triage unit, by using a random number chart".
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk Insufficient information.
Blinding of patients (performance bias) 
 All outcomes Unclear risk Insufficent information.
Blinding of healthcare providers (performance bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk "The researcher was not aware of grouping of participants".
Blinding of outcome assessor (detection bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk "The data collection was carried out by a trained midwife who was not also aware of each medication and who had no idea about the plan of the study."
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk "None of the 102 enrolled parturients were withdrawn for any reason".
Selective reporting (reporting bias) High risk Description of side‐effects of acupressure or metoclopramide were not reported.
Other bias Low risk Baseline characteristics (age, weight, height, gestational age, duration of surgery" were comparable.