Sadighha 2008.
Methods | Parallel‐group randomized trial, conducted in Iran. Study dates not reported. | |
Participants | 156 adults undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy with ASA physical status I to II. Excluded: those with a history of PONV, kidney dysfunction, BMI > 35 kg/m², use of antiemetics or H₂ receptor antagonists within 72 hours of surgery, history of gastrointestinal disease, intra‐abdominal pressure > 15 mm Hg, or surgery duration of more than 2 h. | |
Interventions | Group 1: acupressure wristband at a P6 acupoint before induction until recovery discharge (n = 51). Group 2: metoclopramide 0.2 mg/kg IV at end of surgery and sham acupressure wristband at a non‐acupoint before induction until recovery discharge (n = 53). Group 3: no antiemetic and had sham acupressure wristband at a non‐acupoint before induction until recovery discharge (n = 52). |
|
Outcomes | Nausea (recovery), vomiting (no time point specified). | |
Notes | Power calculation done. Funding source was Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical science. No details about any declarations of interest among authors. | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | High risk | "Patients were randomly assigned to treatment groups according to the last digit of the medical record number." |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | High risk | "Patients were randomly assigned to treatment groups according to the last digit of the medical record number." |
Blinding of patients (performance bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Authors used sham acupressure and participants given general anaesthesia would not be aware of any antiemetic drugs given at end of surgery. |
Blinding of healthcare providers (performance bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Insufficient details given. |
Blinding of outcome assessor (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | "Assessors of nausea and vomiting were blinded to the treatment." |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | No missing data reported for 156 participants analysed. |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | High risk | No treatment side effects or rescue antiemetic use reported. |
Other bias | Low risk | "Demographic and clinical characteristics of the three groups were similar." |