Table 1.
Baseline mean IL-6 concentrations according to demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors, and medication use.
| N | Mean IL-6 (pg/ ml) (95% CI) |
p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Factors | ||||
| Age | ≤50 years >50 years |
49 49 |
2.53 (2.00 – 3.19) 2.28 (1.80 – 2.89) |
0.53 |
| Completed high school | No Yes |
42 56 |
3.22 (2.53 – 4.12) 1.94 (1.58 – 2.39) |
0.002 |
| Income below poverty level (≤$20,000), % |
No Yes |
31 65 |
3.22 (2.40 – 4.31) 2.19 (1.81 – 2.65) |
0.03 |
| Married, % | No Yes |
58 40 |
2.61 (2.11 – 3.24) 2.13 (1.65 – 2.76) |
0.23 |
| Black race, % | No Yes |
45 53 |
1.92 (1.51 – 2.45) 2.90 (2.33 – 3.60) |
0.01 |
| Clinical and Lifestyle Factors | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure | <120 mmHg ≥120 mmHg |
47 49 |
2.53 (2.01 – 3.20) 2.39 (1.90 – 3.00) |
0.72 |
| Diastolic blood pressure | <74 mmHg ≥74 mmHg |
48 48 |
2.35 (1.87 – 2.97) 2.56 (2.04 – 3.22) |
0.61 |
| Plasma glucose | <93 mg/dL ≥93 mg/dL |
47 46 |
2.43 (1.92 – 3.06) 2.49 (1.98 – 3.13) |
0.87 |
| HDL cholesterol | <45 mmol/L ≥45 mmol/L |
43 55 |
2.38 (1.87 – 3.01) 2.53 (2.02 – 3.17) |
0.70 |
| LDL cholesterol | <89 mmol/L ≥89 mmol/L |
46 46 |
2.24 (1.78 – 2.83) 2.69 (2.13 – 3.39) |
0.27 |
| Gensini score | <32 ≥32 |
43 55 |
2.36 (1.82 – 3.05) 2.44 (1.96 – 3.04) |
0.84 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction |
<40% ≥40% |
17 81 |
2.29 (1.55 – 3.39) 2.43 (2.02 – 2.93) |
0.78 |
| Previous revascularization,% | No Yes |
14 84 |
1.78 (1.14 – 2.78) 2.52 (2.11 – 3.01) |
0.15 |
| Hypertension, % | No Yes |
30 67 |
2.42 (1.83 – 3.20) 2.48 (2.02 – 3.03) |
0.90 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | No Yes |
77 20 |
2.42 (2.02 – 2.91) 2.61 (1.80 – 3.78) |
0.72 |
| Hyperlipidemia, % | No Yes |
26 71 |
2.45 (1.80 – 3.32) 2.46 (2.02 – 2.99) |
0.97 |
| Obese (BMI ≥30), % | No Yes |
74 23 |
2.19 (1.82 – 2.62) 3.47 (2.54 – 4.76) |
0.01 |
| Subjective Units of Distress Scale |
<5 ≥6 |
48 48 |
2.63 (2.09 – 3.32) 2.25 (1.78 – 2.83) |
0.34 |
| Depressive symptoms | <9 ≥9 |
50 48 |
2.12 (1.68 – 2.67) 2.75 (2.17 – 3.48) |
0.12 |
| Duke Activity Status Index | <3 ≥3 |
56 42 |
2.75 (2.21 – 3.42) 2.01 (1.57 – 2.59) |
0.06 |
| Current smoker, % | No Yes |
70 28 |
2.22 (1.84 – 2.69) 3.05 (2.19 – 4.24) |
0.10 |
| Lifetime history of alcohol abuse, % |
No Yes |
76 22 |
2.45 (2.03 – 2.97) 2.25 (1.59 – 3.20) |
0.67 |
| Lifetime history of substance abuse, % |
No Yes |
49 49 |
2.48 (1.95 – 3.14) 2.33 (1.84 – 2.96) |
0.73 |
| Medications, % | ||||
| Statins | No Yes |
12 85 |
2.21 (1.39 – 3.49) 2.50 (2.09 – 2.97) |
0.62 |
| Beta blockers | No Yes |
12 85 |
2.04 (1.29 – 3.22) 2.53 (2.12 – 3.01) |
0.39 |
| Ace- inhibitors | No Yes |
44 53 |
2.21 (1.74 – 2.80) 2.70 (2.16 – 3.37) |
0.23 |
| Aspirin | No Yes |
12 85 |
3.39 (2.15 – 5.33) 2.35 (1.97 – 2.79) |
0.14 |
Values presented are geometric mean baseline IL-6 concentrations and 95% confidence intervals. Continuous variables are dichotomized by median split. P-values were calculated using mixed model analysis.