Table 2.

Mean IL-6 levels in young women and men (<50 years of age) before and after mental and physical stress.

	Mental Stress					Physical Stress
	Men (N=25)		Women (N=24)			Men (N=24)		Women (N=25)
Unadjusted	Mean	95% CI	Mean	95% CI	P-value	Mean	95% CI	Mean	95% CI	P-value
Baseline	2.14	(1.55, 2.95)	4.41	(3.15, 6.18)	0.002	1.52	(1.10, 2.09)	2.73	(1.94, 3.84)	0.01
60 minutes after stress	2.63	(1.95, 3.55)	5.38	(3.92, 7.37)	0.002	1.98	(1.44, 2.44)	3.49	(2.63, 4.63)	0.001
90 minutes after stress	3.36	(2.45, 4.61)	5.90	(4.21, 8.25)	0.01	1.98	(1.50, 2.61)	3.69	(2.74, 4.97)	0.002
Adjusted for demographic and cardiovascular risk factors*
Baseline	1.83	(1.41, 2.37)	4.20	(3.13, 5.64)	<0.001	1.59	(1.17, 2.16)	2.69	(1.94, 3.73)	0.04
60 minutes after stress	2.56	(1.80, 3.66)	5.42	(3.67, 8.01)	0.02	1.83	(1.40, 2.38)	3.57	(2.70, 4.72)	0.004
90 minutes after stress	2.99	(2.08, 4.30)	7.07	(4.68, 10.67)	0.01	1.80	(1.39, 2.32)	4.15	(3.13, 5.51)	<0.001
Further Adjusted for Summed Difference Score†
Baseline	1.89	(1.37, 2.62)	5.27	(3.69, 7.53)	<0.001	1.61	(1.19, 2.19)	2.70	(1.94, 3.77)	0.05
60 minutes after stress	2.55	(1.76, 3.70)	5.58	(3.66, 8.50)	0.02	1.86	(1.44, 2.41)	3.62	(2.73, 4.81)	0.004
90 minutes after stress	2.90	(2.01, 4.18)	7.52	(4.88, 11.58)	0.006	1.83	(1.42, 2.38)	4.20	(3.13, 5.64)	< 0.001

Values reported are geometric mean IL-6 concentrations and 95% confidence intervals, stratified by age and sex. Values were derived from mixed model analysis.

^*Adjusted for demographic (age, income, and race) and cardiovascular risk factors (HDL cholesterol, smoking status, and statin use), previous revascularization, and depressive symptoms.

^†Summed Difference Score is defined as the defect severity score during stress (SSS) minus the defect severity score during rest (SRS). A positive SDS is indicative of presence of myocardial ischemia.