Table 3.
rpS6 phosphorylation regulation under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
| Brain areas | Species | Model | S235/236 | S240/244 | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIPPOCAMPUS | |||||
| Mouse | Contextual FC | ↑ | ND | Kelleher et al., 2004; Saraf et al., 2014 | |
| Circadian cycle | ↑ | ND | Saraf et al., 2014 | ||
| Rat | Pilocarpine-induced spontaneous seizure | ↑ (NS) | ↑ (NS) | Huang et al., 2010; Saraf et al., 2014 | |
| Kainate-induced spontaneous seizure | ↑ | ↑ | Zeng et al., 2009 | ||
| Kainate-induced early life seizure | = | ↑ | Bernard et al., 2013 | ||
| Traumatic brain injury | ↑ | ND | Chen et al., 2007 | ||
| Human | Down syndrome | ↑ (NS) | ↑ (NS) | Iyer et al., 2014 | |
| Alzheimer's disease (severe-stage) | ↑ | ND | Sun et al., 2014 | ||
| STRIATUM | |||||
| Mouse | Stroke | ND | ↑ | Xiong et al., 2014 | |
| NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS | |||||
| Mouse | Highly palatable isocaloric food | ↑ | ND | Guegan et al., 2013 | |
| Rat | Cue-induced cocaine reinstatement | ↑ | ND | Wang et al., 2010 | |
| CORTEX | |||||
| Prefrontal | Mouse | Highly palatable isocaloric food | ↑ | ND | Guegan et al., 2013 |
| NS | Middle cerebral artery occlusion | ND | ↑ | Xiong et al., 2014 | |
| Prefrontal | Rat | Focal cerebral ischemia | ↓ | ND | Koh, 2013 |
| Neonatal phencyclidine | ND | ↑ | Meffre et al., 2012 | ||
| Social isolation | ND | ↑ | Meffre et al., 2012 | ||
| Prelimbic | Rat | Cue-induced alcohol reinstatement | ↑ | ND | Barak et al., 2013 |
| Extinction after retrieval of FC | ↑ | ND | Tedesco et al., 2014 | ||
| Infralimbic | Extinction after retrieval of FC | ↑ | ND | Tedesco et al., 2014 | |
| Orbitofrontal | Cue-induced alcohol reinstatement | ↑ | ND | Barak et al., 2013 | |
| Parietal | Traumatic brain injury | ↑ | ND | Chen et al., 2007 | |
| NS | Pilocarpine-induced spontaneous seizure | ↑ (NS) | ↑ (NS) | Huang et al., 2010 | |
| Kainate-induced spontaneous seizure | ↑ (NS) | ↑ (NS) | Zeng et al., 2009 | ||
| Cortex | Human | Focal cortical dysplasia | ↑ | = | Baybis et al., 2004 |
| Focal cortical dysplasia | ↑ | ND | Jansen et al., 2015 | ||
| Hemimegalencephaly | ↑ | ND | Jansen et al., 2015 | ||
| Cortical Tubers | Tuberous sclerosis (unspecified) | ↑ | = | Baybis et al., 2004 | |
| Tuberous sclerosis (specific mutations) | ↑ | ND | Parker et al., 2011 | ||
| Tuberous sclerosis (TSC1 mutation) | ↑ (NS) | ↑ (NS) | Jansen et al., 2004 | ||
| Frontal cortex | Hemimegalencephaly | ↑ | ND | Aronica et al., 2007 | |
| Medial Temporal Cortex | Alzheimer's disease | ↑ | = | An et al., 2003 | |
| AMYGDALA | |||||
| Central | Rat | Cue-induced alcohol reinstatement | ↑ | ND | Barak et al., 2013 |
| Basolateral | Extinction after retrieval of FC | ↑ | ND | Tedesco et al., 2014 | |
| HYPOTHALAMUS | |||||
| Paraventricular | Mouse | Salt | ↑ | ↑ | Knight et al., 2012 |
| Leucine deprivation | ↓ | ND | Xia et al., 2012 | ||
| Arcuate | Fasting | ND | ↑ | Knight et al., 2012 | |
| Fasted | ND | ↑ | Villanueva et al., 2009 | ||
| Leucine deprivation | ↓ | ND | Xia et al., 2012 | ||
| Dorsomedial | ND | ↑ | Knight et al., 2012 | ||
| Preoptic area | ND | ↑ | Knight et al., 2012 | ||
| Ventrolateral | Resident-intruder | ↑ | ↑ | Knight et al., 2012 | |
| Premammillary | Cat odor | ND | ↑ | Knight et al., 2012 | |
| Suprachiasmatic | Light | ↑ | ↑ | Cao et al., 2011; Knight et al., 2012 | |
| Circadian cycle | ND | ↑ | Cao et al., 2011 | ||
| Supraoptic | Dehydration | ND | ↑ | Knight et al., 2012 | |
| Salt | ND | ↑ | Knight et al., 2012 | ||
| Arcuate | Rat | Fasted | ND | ↓ | Cota et al., 2006 |
| PERIAQUEDUCTAL GRAY | |||||
| Mouse | Resident-intruder | ↑ | ND | Knight et al., 2012 | |
| SPINAL CORD | |||||
| Rat | Inflammatory pain (carrageenan) | ↑ | ND | Norsted Gregory et al., 2010 | |
| Neurogenic inflammation (capsaicin) | ↑ | ND | Géranton et al., 2009 | ||
| DORSAL ROOT GANGLIA | |||||
| Rat | Inflammatory pain (carrageenan) | ↑ | ND | Norsted Gregory et al., 2010 | |
| Neuropathic pain (SNI) | ↑ | ND | Géranton et al., 2009 | ||
| NS | Human | Glioblastoma | ↑ | = | Harter et al., 2015 |
| SEGA | ↑ | ND | Chan et al., 2004 | ||
NS, not specified; ND, not determined; FC, fear conditioning; SEGA, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma.