Table 2.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients without DR, with NPDR, PDR and DMO
| Global | No DR | NPDR | PDR | DMO | P value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 108 723 | 95 336 | 12 788 | 400 | 199 | |
| Sex (M), n (%) | 61 111 (56.2) | 53 642 (56.3) | 7137 (55.8) | 216 (54.0) | 116 (58.3) | 0.553 |
| Age (years) (n=108 723) | 66.9 (11.0) | 66.7 (11.0) | 68.5 (10.9) | 71.3 (9.7) | 69.8 (10.9) | <0.001 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) (n=89 610) | 30.2 (5.0) | 30.2 (5.0) | 30.0 (5.1) | 30.1 (4.6) | 29.5 (4.4) | 0.002 |
| Diabetes time of progress (years) (n=108 723) |
7.8 (5.1) | 7.5 (4.9) | 9.8 (5.9) | 10.7 (5.8) | 9.6 (5.8) | <0.001 |
| Age of diabetes diagnosis (years) (n=108 723) |
59.2 (10.7) | 59.2 (10.6) | 58.6 (11.2) | 60.6 (10.8) | 60.2 (11.4) | <0.001 |
| A1C (%) (n=95 126) | 7.2 (1.3) | 7.2 (1.3) | 7.7 (1.5) | 8.0 (1.6) | 7.7 (1.5) | <0.001 |
| Insulin treatment, n (%) | 18 452 (17.0) | 13 338 (14.0) | 4819 (37.7) | 218 (54.5) | 77 (38.7) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 87 056 (80.1) | 75 645 (79.3) | 10 869 (85.0) | 364 (91.0) | 178 (89.4) | <0.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) (n=97 646) | 134.5 (12.5) | 134.1 (12.3) | 136.9 (13.4) | 137.9 (14.2) | 138.9 (14.5) | <0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) (n=97 646) | 75.6 (8.3) | 75.7 (8.3) | 74.7 (8.6) | 73.4 (8.7) | 74.3 (8.9) | <0.001 |
| PP (mm Hg) (n=97 646) | 58.9 (11.9) | 58.4 (11.7) | 62.2 (12.8) | 64.5 (12.8) | 64.6 (13.0) | <0.001 |
| Non-HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) (n=89 090) |
136.9 (36.0) | 137.5 (35.8) | 132.4 (36.9) | 130.1 (35.3) | 134.9 (37.7) | <0.001 |
| Creatine (mg/dL) (n=93 774) | 0.9 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.3) | 1.0 (0.4) | 1.1 (0.5) | 1.0 (0.9) | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2), n (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| ≥60 | 75 394 (80.3) | 66 988 (81.1) | 8082 (74.3) | 208 (63.4) | 116 (69.9) | |
| <60 | 18 526 (19.7) | 15 564 (18.9) | 2792 (25.7) | 120 (36.6) | 50 (30.1) | |
| UACR (mg/g), n (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| <30 | 48 860 (83.0) | 43 655 (84.5) | 5029 (73.0) | 118 (62.1) | 58 (59.2) | |
| 30–299 | 8692 (14.8) | 7081 (13.7) | 1519 (22.1) | 58 (30.5) | 34 (34.7) | |
| ≥300 | 1294 (2.2) | 936 (1.8) | 338 (4.9) | 14 (7.4) | 6 (6.1) |
*p Value for comparison of groups with Pearson's χ2 test for qualitative variables and ANOVA for the quantitative ones.
Values are expressed as n (%) and mean (SD).
A1C, glycated haemoglobin; BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DMO, macular oedema; DR, diabetic retinopathy; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration ratio; NPDR, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy; PP, pulse pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; UACR, urinary albumin-to-creatine ratio.